摘要
目的 了解深圳市南山区公共场所集中空调通风系统嗜肺军团菌污染状况及影响因素,为保障人群健康提供科学依据.方法 2014-2023年间共有254家公共场所纳入监测,采集集中空调通风系统冷凝水、冷却水661份,检测嗜肺军团菌(Legionella pneumophila,Lp).结果 共检出嗜肺军团菌85份,占12.86％,其中Lp1型31份,非Lp1型42份,Lp1和非Lp1混合型12份.冷却水检出率为16.97％,冷凝水检出率为4.57％,前者高于后者,差异有统计学意义(x2=20.101,P＜0.05).不同年份水样中嗜肺军团菌检出率差异有统计学意义(x2=18.614,P＜0.05),总体呈下降趋势(xtrend2=12.846,Ptrend＜0.05).冷却水嗜肺军团菌检出率在不同季节差异有统计学意义(x2=11.528,P＜0.05),以夏季为高;不同类别公共场所检出率差异有统计学意义(x2=6.178,P＜0.05).冷却水嗜肺军团菌检出率的logistic回归分析结果显示,夏季采样的检出率较高(OR=3.249,95％CI:1.644～6.419),商场的检出率较高(OR=2.069,95％CI:1.114～3.844).结论 深圳市南山区公共场所集中空调通风系统存在嗜肺军团菌污染,季节和公共场所类别是嗜肺军团菌检出率的影响因素,建议在夏季加强卫生监督监测,并针对商场类公共场所进行专项检查.
Abstract
Objective To understand the status of Legionella pneumophila contamination and the influencing factors in the central air conditioning ventilation systems of public places in Nanshan District,Shenzhen,and provide the scientific evidence for safeguarding the health of the population.Methods During 2014 and 2023,a total of 254 public places were chosen in the monitoring program,and 661 samples of condensate and chilled water from centralized air-conditioning ventilation systems were collected for the detection of Legionella pneumophila(Lp).Results A total of 85 samples of Legionella pneumophila were detected,accounting for 12.86％,comprising 31 for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1(Lp1),42 for non-Lp1 serogroups,and 12 showing a mix of Lp1 and non-Lp1.The detection rate in cooling water was 16.97％,while the detection rate in condensate water was 4.57％,with significant difference(P＜0.05).Moreover,the Legionella pneumophila detection rates in water samples varied significantly across different years(P＜0.05),indicating an overall decreasing trend(P＜0.05).The chi-square test results for the detection rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water indicated significant differences in the detection rates between different seasons(P＜0.05)and between different types of public places(P＜0.05).The results of the logistic regression analysis revealed that the detection rate was higher in summer samples(OR=3.249,95％CI:1.644-6.419)and also higher in shopping malls(OR=2.069,95％CI:1.114-3.844).Conclusion The potential risk of Legionella pneumophila contamination in the central air conditioning systems in public places is obvious throughout Nanshan district,Shenzhen,and the sampling season,type of public places are the influencing factors for the detection rates of Legionella pneumophila species.It is recommended to strengthen hygienic supervision and monitoring during the summer season,and conduct special inspections for public places such as shopping malls.
基金项目
深圳市南山区卫检消毒实验室医学重点学科建设资助()
NETL
NSTL
万方数据