Protective effect of taurine on lung function injury induced by typical VOCs mixed with formaldehyde inhalation exposure in young rats
Objective To understand the protective effect of taurine on lung function injury induced by inhalation exposure of benzene,toluene,xylene and formaldehyde,a typical volatile organic compound(VOCs).Methods Twenty-four 4-week-old SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,6 in each,the control group,model group(5 mg/m3 benzene+10 mg/m3 toluene+10 mg/m3 xylene+5 mg/m3 formaldehyde)group,low-dose taurine intervention group(5 g/L taurine+molding)group and high-dose taurine intervention group(10 g/L taurine+molding)group.The model group,the low and high dose taurine intervention group were given head/nose inhalation for 4 h/d,5 days a week,and the control group was given clean air.Taurine was given by free drinking water,and normal drinking water was given to control group and model group for 28 days.The pulmonary function parameters of rats were measured,including respiratory rate(f),tidal volume(TV),ventilate volume per minute(MV),airway resistance(Penh),apnea(PAU),peak inspiratory flow rate(PIF),peak expiratory flow rate(PEF),inspiratory time(Ti),expiratory time(Te),and expiratory flow rate at 50％ventilation(EF50),relaxation time(Tr)and degree of respiratory depression(Rinx),serum inflammatory factors(IL-2,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,NF-κB)and oxidative stress indicators(SOD,CAT,GSH,MDA,8-OHDG)levels,and lung histopathological examination were conducted.Results Compared with control group and high-dose taurine intervention group,the pulmonary function indexes TV,MV,PIF,PEF and EF50 of rats in model group and low-dose taurine intervention group significantly decreased(P＜0.05).With the increase of the intervention dose of taurine,the pulmonary function indexes TV,MV,PIF,PEF and EF50 showed an increasing trend.There was no significant difference in f,Penh,PAU,Tr,Ti,Te and Rinx among all groups(P＞0.05).Compared with control group,the serum IL-2 concentration of rats in model group and low-dose taurine intervention group was increased,and the serum IL-1β and NF-κB concentration of rats in model group and each dose taurine intervention group was also increased,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).There were no significant changes in serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in model group and taurine intervention group.Compared with model group,the serum IL-2 concentration of rats in high-dose taurine intervention group was decreased,and the serum IL-1β concentration of rats in each dose taurine intervention group significantly decreased also(P＜0.05).The concentration of IL-2,IL-1β and NF-κB in serum decreased with the increase of taurine dose.Compared with control group,the serum GSH level of rats in model group and taurine intervention group was decreased,while the serum MDA level was increased,and the serum 8-OHDG level of rats in model group and low dose taurine intervention group was also increased(P＜0.05).The serum SOD and CAT levels of rats in model group and taurine intervention group had no significant changes.Compared with model group,the serum GSH of rats in all doses of taurine intervention group was increased,the serum MDA concentration was decreased,and the serum 8-OHDG level of rats in high-dose taurine intervention group was also decreased,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).With the increase of the intervention dose of taurine,the serum 8-OHDG level of rats showed a decreasing trend,while the GSH level showed an increasing trend.The lung tissue of model group rats showed obvious pathological changes,mainly manifested as thickening and hyperplasia of alveolar septum,accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration,local vitrification and perivascular edema,and bronchial epithelium necrosis and detachment.In the taurine group,the alveolar morphology was close to normal,and some alveolar septa hyperplasia was light.Conclusion Combined inhalation exposure of typical VOCs and formaldehyde had adverse effects on lung ventilation,lung volume,respiratory muscle strength and respiratory depression in rats.High-dose taurine significantly improved lung function and prevented the progression of lung injury,possibly because it effectively reduced the degree of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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