Effects of smoking status and TGM-3 expression on microenvironment and malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia
Objective To understand the effects of smoking status and transglutaminase-3(TGM-3)mRNA expression on oral leukoplakia(OL)microenvironment and malignant transformation.Methods The pathological reports and clinical data of all OL biopsy tissue samples in our hospital from May 2017 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Smoking status and 5-year oral malignant transformation free survival(MTFS)of OL patients were collected.The expression of tissue TGM-3 mRNA and the number of subepithelial CD163+or CD8+cells were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Results There were 63 non-smokers and 25 smokers in this study.the smokers had a higher probability of age under 60(P＜0.05).In addition,the smokers had a higher 5-year malignant transformation rate(P＜0.05).Tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression was down-regulated and CD 163+cell counts were increased in the smokers compared with non-smokers.By COX regression analysis,tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression＜1.70 was a risk factor for malignant transformation in non-smokers,while CD163+cell count ≥1 043.33 mm2 and tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression＜1.00 were still independent risk factors for malignant transformation in the smokers.Using Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis,among nonsmokers,patients with tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression＜1.70 had a shorter median 5-year MTFS than those with tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression≥1.70(4.7 months(range:0.2-55.3 months)vs.7.7 months(range:0.1-52.5 months),X2=8.134,P=0.004).Among the smokers,the median 5-year MTFS of patients with tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression＜1.00 was significantly shorter than that of patients with tissue TGM-3 mRNA expression ≥1.00(2.5 months(range:0.5-37.6)vs.19.1 months(range:2.2-39.0 months),x2=12.259,P＜0.001).Conclusion The combination of smoking status and TGM-3 mRNA tissue expression can predict malignant transformation of OL.
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