The improvement of airport air traffic environment quality is of great significance for achieving sustainable development of the airport and promoting green transformation of the civil aviation industry.In response to the shortcomings of limited research on evaluating the quality of airport air traffic environment from multiple factors and optimizing the overall environmental quality of airports,this article identified the influencing factors of airport air traffic environment quality from three perspectives:atmospheric pollu-tants,aircraft noise,and carbon emissions,and constructed optimization paths for airport air traffic envi-ronment quality based on the interpretive structural model.By establishing probability scenarios for airport air traffic operations,an optimization model for airport air traffic environmental quality was constructed based on the tolerance hierarchical sequence method,and solved using genetic algorithms.Taking Nanjing Lukou International Airport as an example for empirical analysis.The results show that the proportion of aircraft types and route structure are the key factors affecting the quality of airport air traffic environment.After optimization,the Nemero index of airport air traffic environment quality has decreased by 32.5%,which can effectively improve the quality of airport air traffic environment.