The study analyzes the the diversity of plankton in Gaoyou Lake in March and June 2021 through two samplings,and lays 6 research points.78 species belong to 61 genera,36 families,8 phyla are found in Gaoyou Lake,of which 40 species belong to Chlorphyta,16 species belong to of Bacillariophyta and 8 species belong to Cyanophyta,and the percentage of them are 51.3%,20.5%and 10.3%.The average density and biomass of phytoplankton are 20.62× 106 cell/L and 9.96 mg/L.A total of 55 metazoan zooplankton species are identified in Gaoyou Lake,31 rotifer species account for 56.4%of the total species,followed by cladocera(13 species)and copepods(11 species),accounting for 23.6%and 20%of the total species.The density and biomass of the zooplankton community are 2730.2 ind/L and 1.21 mg/L,respectively.The plankton biomass and density in Gaoyou Lake have obvious temporal and spatial differences,which are higher in the high water period than in the low water period.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the Margalef richness index of plankton show significant spatial variation characteristics.