Formative assessment is a new assessment method that emphasizes feedback in the learning process.It can provide more opportunities for students to learn independently.The study introduces formative assessment into educational practice,and conducts a questionnaire survey on freshmen and juniors majoring in ideological and political education in a college in Shaanxi Province.The results show that,after the professional courses of formative assessment,the scores of learning autonomy,subjective initiative and goal consciousness of junior students are significantly higher than those of freshmen and sophomores.From the perspective of pre-and post-test mean values,all the post-test mean values are significantly higher than the pre-test mean values,indicating that the professional courses with formative assessment positively influences students'learning autonomy.Therefore,it is suggested to further strengthen students'subjective initiative and focus on cultivating their goal consciousness,focus on differentiated teaching strategies,change the traditional role of teachers,encourage students to cooperate in learning and conduct independent research.