In order to explore the relationship between students'self-efficacy and the teaching effect of basic education,the study discusses with questionnaire survey.The results show that the structure of the questionnaire is good,the consistency is high,and the results are reliable.Descriptive statistical analysis shows that the mean values of learning motivation,teaching effect,learning adjustment strategies and self-efficacy are significantly higher than the theoretical median,reflecting students'positive evaluation of these aspects,among which the mean values of learning motivation are the highest,and the mean values of self-efficacy are lower.The results of correlation analysis show that the four dimensions:learning motivation,teaching effect,learning adjustment strategy and self-efficacy are significantly correlated at 0.01 significance level.Linear regression analysis shows that learning motivation,learning adjustment strategy and self-efficacy have significant effect on the improvement of teaching effect.Single sample t test analysis further emphasizes the potential impact of learning motivation,learning adjustment strategy and self-efficacy on the teaching effect of basic education.Based on this,it is suggested to enhance students'sense of self-efficacy from the perspective of educational practice,educational support and psychological support,so as to further improve the teaching effect of basic education.