Objective:To explore the effect of hierarchical chain nursing on compliance,sleep quality and symptom improvement of aerosol inhalation in children with pneumonia.Methods:A total of 86 children with pneumonia who were admitted in the hospital from March 2021 to July 2020 were selected,and by random number table method,they were divided into the intervention group(n=43)and the control group(n=43).The control group was given routine nursing,and the intervention group was given hierarchical chain nursing.The compliance,sleep quality,symptom improvement and quality of life of the two groups were compared.Results:In comparison of the control group,the compliance of aerosol inhalation in the intervention group was higher(x=5.108,P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of PSQI in both groups were decreased,with statistically significant difference(t=8.720,P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of symptoms(fever,cough and lung rale)in both groups decreased,and the scores in the intervention group were lower(t=7.325,4.895,5.763;P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of PedsQL4.0 in both groups increased,and in comparison of the control group,the scores in the intervention group were higher(t=7.037,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of hierarchical chain nursing in the intervention of children with pneumonia can improve their compliance with aerosol inhalation,their sleep quality,symptom relief and their quality of life.