摘要
在线诉讼庭审公开存在"在线庭审十线下旁听""在线庭审+在线直播"和"在线庭审+在线旁听"三种实践样态.其中,"在线庭审+在线直播"与"在线庭审+在线旁听"因属于完全的在线公开,故具有载体虚拟性、范围广泛性、受众不确定性、公开及时性、庭审秩序弱控制性等特征,导致在线公开中的个人信息保护尤为困难.实践中,这两种样态下个人信息的保护存在敏感个人信息保护不足、信息公开范围欠缺必要约束以及庭审形式灵活性不强等问题.为解决这些问题,有必要厘清个人信息保护与庭审公开制度、目的限制原则、程序正当理念的关系,在此基础上,提出分类保护敏感个人信息、限制信息公开范围为关联信息、应用部分公开庭审形式这三种具体方法.方法的运用离不开程序规则架设路径,故相关部门应遵循数字正当程序理念,从情况告知、个人信息影响评估、权利救济等程序入手,完善相关规则,为在线公开个人信息提供程序性规制路径,从而有效规范在线庭审中的个人信息公开行为,实现在线公开与个人信息保护之间的平衡.
Abstract
There are three models of open trial in online litigation:"online trial+offline audience""online trial+online live broad-cast"and"online trial+online audience".In practice,there are some problems,such as the incomplete protection of classifi-cation,the lack of necessary constraints on the scope of disclosure,and the mechanization of the form of open trial.To solve these problems,it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the protection of personal information and the public trial sys-tem,the principle of purpose limitation,and digital due process.Therefore,sensitive information should be disclosed careful-ly,the scope of disclosure should be directly related to the facts of the case,and court hearings should be mainly partially dis-closed.The court should follow the digital due process and improve the relevant rules starting from the notification procedure,the personal information impact assessment procedure,and the rights relief procedure.
基金项目
吉林省教育厅科学研究重大项目(JJKH20231101SK)
维普
万方数据