An Analysis of the Relationship between Henan Advisory Council and Henan Governor under the Background of Constitutional Re-form in the Late Qing Dynasty
Preparatory constitutionalism was the center of political life within the late Qing Dynasty system,and the establishment of advisory council in various provinces was an important component of preparatory constitutionalism.The relationship between the Henan Advisory council and the Henan Governor has gradually evolved due to factors such as top-level institutional design,changes in political situation,and personnel changes of the Governor.In the preparatory stage,the Henan Advisory council was established under the organization of the Governor's Office,which is entirely a part of the latter's business.At the begin-ning of the establishment of the Advisory council,the relationship between the two was relatively harmonious,with the Gover-nor of Henan taking the lead.But in the context of constitutionalism,the position of the advisory board representing public o-pinion is becoming increasingly important.The self-contradiction in the top-level system design of the central government,cou-pled with the constraints of practical conditions,gradually led to an increase in conflicts between the two sides.After the out-break of the Wuchang Uprising,the Henan Advisory council began to break away from the preparatory constitutional frame-work set by the Qing government,support revolution,and demand republicanism.Personnel changes also affect the relation-ship between the two.After Yuan Shikai became the Prime Minister of the Cabinet,he appointed his confidant Qi Yaolin as the Governor of Henan.Qi,considering Yuan Shikai's interests,cooperated with some members of the Advisory council to jointly promote the political stance of Henan's petition for non-independence of the republic.
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