Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Student Distribution in Rural School——Xiafutou School Expression Based on the Man-Earth Relationship Areal System
The distribution of students in rural schools affects the layout of rural schools and the development of rural education and is an important basis for optimizing the allocation of educational resources and achieving balanced development of compulsory education.Selecting Xiafutou School as a case study,a qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews and GIS spa-tial analysis methods to present the dynamic pattern of the spatiotemporal evolution of student source distribution in rural schools from 1952 to 2020.The influencing factors were analyzed under the guidance of the theory of"man-earth relationship areal system".Research has found that the distribution of students in rural schools fluctuates significantly over time,showing an evolutionary process of starting in 1952,increasing since 1959,reaching its peak in 1978,and gradually decreasing over the next 40 years;The distribution of students in rural schools has significant spatial differences,showing an overall evolutionary process of first expanding and then shrinking;The changes in the level of education and the strength of teaching staff guided by educational policies,the transformation of economic structure,marriage concepts,and educational concepts,as well as the var-ying degrees and types of development and utilization of natural environment by human activities,are the influencing factors of the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of student distribution in rural schools.This study suggests that education should be grounded and ecological,and match the local man-earth relationship;Education should be balanced and coordinated with the lo-cal man-earth relationship;Education should be subject and restrictive,and adapt to the sustainable development of local man-earth relationship.
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