摘要
以诗歌为载体反映灾难以及寄托对罹难者的哀思,是历代文人叙写的重要主题.由于疫灾的突发性和扩散性导致的急遽危害往往持续叠加,此类述哀诗的抒情饱和度超出寻常,叙事进路亦显曲折而盘桓,是灾难书写中较突出的一脉.晚清闽台地区疫灾多发,是特殊的气候因素与战乱频仍共同作用的结果.借由郑孝胥述哀组诗及其时空叙事,林豪《逐疫行》的寓言叙事与社会隐喻,许梦青《苦疫行》、洪(繻)《检疫叹》等以乐府形制直切现实,在持守与新变、曲直与隐显的消长中,可见晚清时局下诗歌书写疫灾、介入公共社会的多重向度.无论是叙事模式多样化中呈现出的结构性演进,还是《叩阍辞》直斥当道流露出的抗争精神,都彰显着近代光芒.
Abstract
The use of poetry as a medium to reflect disasters and express grief for the victims has been an important theme in the nar-ratives of literati throughout history.Due to the suddenness and spread of the epidemic,the sharp harm caused by it often con-tinues to accumulate.The lyrical saturation of such lament poems is beyond ordinary,and the narrative approach is also tortu-ous,which is more prominent in disaster writing.The frequent occurrence of epidemics in the Fujian Taiwan region during the late Qing Dynasty was the result of the combined effects of special climatic factors and frequent wars.Through Zheng Xiaoxu's collection of sorrowful poems and their temporal and spatial narratives,Lin Hao's fable narrative and social metaphors in"Zhu Yi Xing",Xu Mengqing's"Ku Yi Xing",Hong Xu's"Jian Yi Tan",and other forms of Yuefu poetry,they are directly connected to reality,it can be seen that under the late Qing Dynasty,poetry intervened in public society to write about the mul-tiple dimensions of the epidemic.Whether it is the structural evolution presented in the diversified narrative modes or the spirit of resistance expressed in"Kou Hun Ci",both demonstrate the brilliance of modern times.
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