摘要
基于2017-2021年中国家庭金融调查数据以及2021-2022年"普惠金融与三农研究"调查数据,从银行金融、保险服务、资本市场、数字金融等四个维度,编制2017、2019与2021年中国家庭普惠金融指数,并基于全国、区域、省份、城乡等宏观视角和农户、城镇居民、普惠金融重点群体等微观视角,对三期指数展开横向与纵向的比较与讨论.研究发现,从宏观视角看,家庭普惠金融覆盖率持续提升,各分维度家庭普惠金融的覆盖率存在较大差异;家庭普惠金融发展水平持续提升但增速逐渐放缓,地区、省份、城乡间差距逐渐弥合,部分经济落后省份实现发展赶超.从微观视角看,农户、农业转移家庭等重点群体的普惠金融覆盖率与发展水平虽持续提升,但始终低于城镇居民与整体水平,且农户与城镇居民间的发展水平差距呈逐年扩大趋势.因此,建议从加大普惠金融创新力度、推进传统金融数字化转型、注重缓解重点群体的金融排斥等方面,稳步推进普惠金融高质量发展.
Abstract
This study first compiled the China Household Financial Inclusion Index for 2017,2019,and 2021 for four dimensions—banking insurance,insurance services,capital mar-kets,and digital finance—based on the China Household Finance Survey data for 2017-2021 and the survey data of the study on"Financial Inclusion and Agriculture,Rural Areas,and Farmers"for 2021-2022.Next,the study compared and discussed the index for the three periods laterally and longitudinally from a macro perspective at a national,regional,provincial,urban,and rural levels,as well as a micro perspective involving agricultural households,urban residents,and key financial inclusion groups.The results showed that from a macro perspective,household financial inclusion coverage continued to increase,with greater disparities in household financial inclusion coverage across sub-dimensions.The level of financial inclusion development among households continued to improve,but its growth gradually slowed,whereas disparities between regions,prov-inces,and urban and rural areas gradually narrowed with some economically backward provinces able to catch up.From a micro perspective,financial inclusion coverage and development level a-mong key groups,such as agricultural households and agricultural transfer households,continued to improve but remained lower than those for urban residents and the overall level,while dispari-ties in financial inclusion development between agricultural households and urban residents ex-hibited a year-on-year widening trend.This study recommends that the government bolster the high-quality development of financial inclusion through various measures such as stepping up ef-forts in financial innovation,advancing digital transformation in traditional finance,and focusing on alleviating financial exclusion among key groups.
万方数据