The effects of different sowing and irrigation methods[conventional sowing under surface drip irrigation(DI),deep sowing under subsurface drip irrigation(SDI)and conventional sowing under surface irrigation(CK)]on the seedling emergence,dry matter accumulation,transport and yield of summer maize were explored,so as to select suitable sowing and irrigation methods for field production.The results showed that under 40 mm irrigation after sowing,the soil moisture under SDI treatment could move up to the seed bed layer and penetrate down to 80 cm from the surface.The soil water content in the 5-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers reached 68.69%and 75.35%of the field capacity,respectively.The range of wetted soil was above 60 cm of soil layer for CK and DI treatments.SDI treatment significantly prolonged the seedling emergence time of summer maize,resulting in a significant decrease in leaf area and dry matter weight per plant at seedling stage than other treatments,but its seedling emergence rate did not significantly decrease.Under irrigation conditions during the growth period,compared with CK,SDI treatment reduced the soil water content of 0-20 cm soil layer at the late jointing and early filling stages,but increased the soil water content of 40-120 cm soil layers.DI treatment increased the soil water content of upper and middle soil layers at the late jointing stage and the whole profile at the early filling stage when compared to CK.Compared with CK,SDI and DI treatments could not only promote pre-anthesis dry matter transport,but also improve the leaf area index and aboveground dry matter accumulation at anthsis and filling stages.Finally,SDI and DI treatments improved aboveground dry matter accumulation at maturity,yield and water use efficiency by 8.51%,11.22%,11.41%and 6.18%,6.38%%,9.94%,respectively.SDI treatment increased the grain number per ear and yield compared with DI treatment,but the difference in water use efficiency between the two treatments was not significant.In sum,deep sowing under subsurface drip irrigation did not significantly affect the seedling emergence rate of summer maize.Moreover,deep sowing under subsurface drip irrigation could increase the soil water content in the middle and lower layers,which was beneficial for the increase of pre-anthesis dry matter transport amount,post-anthesis leaf area index and aboveground dry matter accumulation,and finally obtained the highest yield and water use efficiency.
关键词
夏玉米/播种灌溉方式/干物质积累及转运/地下滴灌深播/产量/水分利用效率
Key words
Summer maize/Sowing and irrigation method/Dry matter accumulation and transport/Deep sowing under subsurface drip irrigation/Yield/Water use efficiency
维普
万方数据