Effects of Straw Mulching on Soil Microbial Biomass,Enzyme Activity,and Soybean Yield in Black Soil Areas
In order to investigate the effects of straw coverage on soil microbial biomass,enzyme activity,and soybean yield in black soil areas,Kenfeng 16 was used as the experimental material.Four treatments were set up,including no straw coverage(CK),0.5 kg/m2 straw return coverage(T1),1.0 kg/m2 straw return coverage(T2),and 1.5 kg/m2 straw return coverage(T3),to determine the number of bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes,and the activity of urease and catalase in the soil of the cultivation layer during the soybean growth period,and soybean yield,and compare and analyze the effects of different straw coverage amount on soil microbial biomass,enzyme activity,and soybean yield.The results showed that the number of soil bacteria showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing throughout the entire growth period of soybean,with T2 treatment having the highest total number of bacteria,which increased by 33.08%,9.30%,and 65.38%compared to T1,T3,and CK treatments,respectively.The number of fungi showed a trend of first increasing,then decreasing,and then increasing and then decreasing,with T2 treatment having the highest total number of fungi.The overall number of actinomycetes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and increased with the increase of straw coverage.The urease activity of each treatment showed T1>T2>T3>CK,and the straw covering treatment increased by 32.64%,29.42%,and 18.23%compared to CK treatment,respectively.The activity of catalase showed T2>T3>T1>CK,and the enzyme activity reached the highest in different treatments during the flowering period.The soybean yield under straw cover treatment was significantly higher than that under CK.The impact of straw cover on soybean yield did not continue to increase with the increase of straw cover,with T2 treatment having the highest yield.There was a significant positive correlation between soybean yield and urease activity,bacterial count,and fungal count;There was a significant positive correlation between catalase activity and urease activity,as well as the number of fungi.In summary,under the conditions of this study,1.0 kg/m2 straw coverage is the optimal straw coverage amount.
万方数据
维普
