Effects of Temperature and Light Conditions on Yield and Quality of Indica Rice under Different Sowing Dates
In order to clarify the temperature and light conditions for high yield and high quality of indica rice in southern Henan,a field experiment was conducted with three indica rice varieties(Zhaoyou 5431,Zhongzheyou 8 and Yliangyou 900)as experimental materials.The accumulated temperature,accumulated light time and accumulated light intensity of indica rice from heading to maturity under different sowing dates of April 15(T1),April 30(T2),May 15(T3),May 30(T4)and June 14(T5)were analyzed for two consecutive years,and the rice yield,milling quality,appearance quality,nutritional quality and cooking quality were analyzed.The redundancy analysis(RDA)of the effect of temperature and light factors on the quality of indica rice under different sowing dates was carried out,and the key environmental factors affecting the quality of rice in southern Henan were found through the interpretation rate of temperature and light factors.The results showed that with the delay of sowing date,the yield,milling quality and nutritional quality of the three indica rice varieties increased first and then decreased.In the two years,the yield of T2 treatment was the highest,the milling quality,appearance quality and cooking quality were better,and the yield and quality of T5 treatment were the worst.Among them,in 2019,the yield of T2 treatment increased by 129.4%compared with T5 treatment,the head milled rice rate increased by 32.1%,the chalkiness degree and chalky grain rate decreased by 69.8%and 69.9%,respectively,and the amylose content decreased by 13.7%.In 2020,the yield of T2 treatment increased by 271.0%compared with T5 treatment,the head milled rice rate increased by 83.9%,the chalkiness degree and chalky grain rate decreased by 85.2%and 77.6%,respectively,and the amylose content decreased by 19.2%.The protein content of rice was the highest under T3 treatment,which was 13.6%and 20.0%higher than that under T5 treatment in 2019 and 2020,respectively.There was no significant difference in quality indexes between T2 and T3 treatments.The yield of Yliangyou 900 under T2 treatment was the highest in both years,and its quality was better.The accumulated temperature,accumulated light time and accumulated light intensity of the three varieties from heading to maturity decreased with the delay of sowing date.The accumulated temperature and accumulated light time of Yliangyou 900 decreased the most,and the decrease of Zhaoyou 5431 and Zhongzheyou 8 was similar.RDA and interpretation rate analysis showed that the temperature and light factors from heading to mature stage were the main environmental factors that caused the difference of rice quality,and the accumulated light time of 10-20 days after heading was the most important ecological factor affecting rice quality.In summary,the yield of indica rice in southern Henan is the highest when sown on April 30,and the quality is better.
RiceSowing dateTemperature and light conditionsYieldQuality
万方数据
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