Physical Characteristics Changes and Internal Water Migration of Different Types of Peanut during Seed Soaking Process
To reduce the damage rate of seed coat during peanut germination,the suitable soaking time and temperature of different types of peanuts should be explored.The seed soaking characteristics of high oleic acid(YH37),high protein(YH9326)and common(HY38)peanuts at different temperatures(25℃ and 31 ℃)and soaking time(0,3,6,9,12 h)were investigated. The water phase state and migration of seeds were dynamically monitored by the low field nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology,and the physical characteristics and water absorption dynamics of different types of peanut seeds during seed soaking were clarified. The results showed that the mass and volume increase rate,moisture content increase rate and total signal amplitude of the three types of peanut seeds were significantly positively correlated with peanut soaking time and temperature(P<0. 05). The ratio of protein to high protein standard (P/P standard)(1. 37)of YH9326 was the highest,and its mass gain rate(58. 91％)was the highest after soaking at 25 ℃ for 12 h,which was not significantly different from that at 31 ℃. The increase rates of moisture content of seeds soaked at 25 ℃ for 3 h and 6 h were 22％ and 6％ lower than that at 31 ℃. At the two temperatures,the increase rate of unbound water signal amplitude at 12 h was significantly higher than that at 9 h,indicating that the seeds were absorbing water constantly. Compared with 31 ℃,the increase rate of signal amplitude of total water and bound water at 25 ℃ for 3 h increased by 42％ and 10. 0 times,respectively. The ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid(OA/LA)(1. 30)of HY38 was the lowest. At 31 ℃,the volume increase rate after 3 h,6 h and 9 h of soaking increased significantly by 8％,17％ and 25％ compared with that at 25 ℃,respectively. The increase rate of moisture content after soaking for 9 h was 20％ higher than that at 25 ℃. The increase rate of bound water signal amplitude decreased by 35％ and 29％ after 3 h and 6 h of soaking,respectively,compared with 25 ℃,but the increase rate of non-bound water signal amplitude increased by 99％ and 55％,which were not significantly different after soaking at 31°C for 6 h and 9 h. The high oleic acid peanut YH37 displayed the highest oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio (OA/LA)(11. 1),with the highest volume increase rate(46. 13％)in three peanut cultivars after 3 h of soaking at 25 ℃ . The increase rate of non-bound water signal amplitude decreased by 13％ and 9％,respectively,compared with that at 31 ℃ for 3 h and 6 h. In contrast,the increase rate of bound water signal amplitude significantly increased by 3. 5 times and 1. 3 times. Soak seeds At 25 ℃,the non-bound water signal amplitude increase rate of YH37 and YH9326 showed continuous water absorption up to 12 h of soaking,with no significant difference at 6 h and 9 h. In summary,high protein peanut YH9326 and high oleic acid peanut YH37 are suitable for seed soaking at 25 ℃ for 6 h to complete initial rapid swelling and water absorption,while common peanut HY38 should be soaked at 31 ℃ for 6 h for the same.
PeanutSeed soakingPhysical characteristicsWater migrationWater absorption dynamicNuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)Pseudo-color map
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