Detoxication Effects of Eight Kinds of Alleviators on Phytotoxicity of Nicosulfuron to Tobacco
To address the phytotoxicity of residual nicosulfuron in maize field to following tobacco crop,the detoxification effects of commercially available safeners such as naphtha anhydride,cyclopropane sulfonamide,benoxacor,dichlormid,and plant growth regulators such as gibberellin,brassinolide,DA-6,and Leu-Ile-Val mixture on phytotoxicity of nicosulfuron to tobacco were studied by indor pot experiment,field experiment,and biochemical analysis.The results showed that different amount of nicosulfuron demonstrated great inhibitory effect on the growth of tobacco,and the inhibitory effect increased with the increasing of nicosulfuron.The detoxication was the best when the concentrations of cyclopropane sulfonamide,dichlormid,gibberellin,brassinolide,and Leu-Ile-Val mixture were 10,20,40,0.1,30 mg/L,while the detoxication of other three alleviators was not significant.The results of field tests indicated that the detoxication of cyclopropane sulfonamide and dichlormid was better than other three chemicals,and dichlormid showed the best performance.After adding dichlormid for 63 days,the leaf length,leaf width,plant height,leaf number,and stem girth of tobacco was increased by 26.4%,21.6%,13.2%,75.2% and 14.3% compared to the control group.Compared with the control treatment with nicosulfuron,the treatment with cyclopropane sulfonamide and dichlormid by root irrigation showed 51.91%-61.81% and 60.29%-91.95% increase for superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity,nitrate reductase(NR)activity and glutathione S-transferase(GST)activity,respectively.Of note,the dichlormid treatment was better than cyclopropane sulfonamide.In summary,when nicosulfuron was used as herbicide in the previous maize field,the nicosulfuron-caused phytotoxicity to tobacco can be effectively alleviated by cyclopropane sulfonamide and dichlormid,and 20 mg/L(50 mL/plant)of dichlormid should be used preferentially.
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