摘要
目的：了解孕晚期妇女焦虑、抑郁的发生状况，探讨影响因素，为孕晚期妇女的心理健康调适提供科学依据。方法：采用横断面研究方法，于2014年6月～2014年7月选取湖南省妇幼保健院住院待产的孕晚期妇女606名进行自填式匿名问卷调查。结果：焦虑发生率为33.3%（95%CI：29.5%～37.1%）；抑郁发生率为56.7%（95%CI：42.8%～60.6%）。个人为独生女（OR=0.55；95%CI：0.36～0.83），计划内妊娠（OR=0.54；95%CI：0.35～0.81），参与医保（OR=0.75；95%CI：0.43～0.87）是发生焦虑的保护因素；有重大疾病史（OR=2.34；95%CI：1.15～4.77），和丈夫家人同住（OR=2.75；95%CI：1.72～4.39）、和自己家人同住（OR=2.25；95%CI：1.23～4.10），妊娠压力源3升高（OR=1.65；95%CI：1.19～2.27），其他妊娠压力升高（OR=1.63；95%CI：1.11～2.39）是发生焦虑的危险因素。文化程度越高（OR=0.53；95%CI：0.39～0.73），职业为工人（OR=0.45；95%CI：0.28～0.73），有不良妊娠史（OR=0.26；95%CI：0.12～0.59），计划内妊娠（OR=0.39；95%CI：0.26～0.59）是抑郁发生的保护因素。居住在农村（OR=3.23；95%CI：1.73～6.03），妊娠压力源3升高（OR=1.41；95%CI：1.03～1.92）是抑郁发生的危险因素。焦虑、抑郁自评得分与社会支持得分呈负相关。结论：孕晚期妇女的焦虑、抑郁发生率较高，应重视该人群的心理健康调适。危险因素的研究有助于有针对性采取干预措施。
Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the status of anxiety and depression among late pregnancy women and explore the determinants of anxiety and depression, for the purpose of providing scientific evidence for psychological adaption and safe delivery.MethodsA cross-sectional study of a random sample of late pregnancy women(n=606) was con-ducted in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan province from June2014 to July2014, using a questionnaire and in-depth interview.Results The incidence of anxiety and depression was33.3%(95%CI:29.5%-37.1%) and56.7%(95%CI:42.8%-60.6%), respectively among late pregnancy women. The protective factors of anxiety for the late pregnancy women include the one-child(OR=0.55;95%CI0.36-0.83), planned pregnancy(OR=0.54;95%CI:0.35-0.81), and enjoy the medi-cal insurance(OR=0.75;95%CI:0.43-0.87). The risk factors of anxiety for the late pregnancy women include undergoing seri-ous disease in the past(OR=2.34;95%CI:1.15-4.77), living with her husband,s family(OR=2.75;95%CI:1.72-4.39), living with her famliy(OR=2.25;95%CI:1.23-4.10), the third source in pregnancy pressure increased(OR=1.65;95%CI:1.19-2.27, and other source in pregnancy pressure increased(aOR=1.63;95%CI:1.11-2.39). The protective factors of depression for the late pregnancy women include high education level(OR=0.53;95%CI:0.39-0.73),the occupation was worker(OR=0.45;95%CI:0.28-0.73), having a history of adverse pregnancy(OR=0.26;95%CI:0.12-0.59) and the planned pregnancy(OR=0.39;95%CI:0.26-0.59). The risk factors of depression include rural area residence(OR=3.23;95%CI:1.73-6.03), the third source in pregnancy pressure increased(OR=1.41;95%CI:1.03-1.92). The scores of anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with the scores on social support scale.Conclusion Late pregnancy women have a high incidence of anxiety and depression, which indicates the importance of mental health education. The research of the risk factors is helpful to targeted interventions.
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据