Somatic cells could be reprogrammed into stem cells and functional cells.As an example,Sertoli cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells and germline stem cells,and thus they have significant applications in both regenera-tive and reproductive medicine.Overexpression of specific genes initiates a regenerative process of cells,which provides novel approaches for reprogramming human somatic cells into stem cells and other cells.Somatic cells reprogramming controls the stemness maintenance of stem cells and fate determinations of these cells.In this review,we discuss the recent advances in re-programming somatic cells into various kinds of stem cells and functional cells.We also address the applications in of stem cells and functional cells derived from somatic cells in translational medicine.
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