The Cognition and Difference of Western Learning between Traditional Bibliography and New Bibliography from Late Ming Dynasty to Late Qing Dynasty
From the end of Ming dynasty to the late Qing dynasty,influenced by the changes of times and academia,there appeared two kinds of bibliography works:the traditional bibliography and the new bibliography.The two bibliographies both record Western books and judge them by abstracts,especially by discussing scientific and technical books,religious books and historical and geographical books.They all appreciate Western books on science and technology,but the traditional bibliog-raphy pays more attention to its practicality,while the new bibliography pays more attention to its scientific nature,the new bibliography is more rational.Compared with the traditional bibliography,the new bibliography pays more attention to the de-scription of Western books such as history,geography,politics and law.As the product of autocratic culture and academic sys-tem,traditional bibliography mostly affirms Western books on the level of practical value,has the time value which differs from the traditional bibliography.
Late Ming dynastyQing dynastytraditional bibliographynew learning bibliographywestern learning