Analysis of influenza detection results in Zhoukou City from 2022 to 2023
Objective To monitor the influenza-like cases(ILI)in Zhoukou City from 2022 to 2023,and to understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in this area.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the data and test results of ILI admitted to Zhoukou Central Hospital and Xiangcheng First People's Hospital from 2022 to 2023.Results During 2022-2023,3 571 samples of influenza-like cases were detected in Zhouk-ou City,and the positive rates of ILI were 26.52％(349/1 316)and 23.99％(541/2 255)respectively.In 2022,the main epidemic strains were influenza B(BV,59.89％)and seasonal influenza H3 virus(40.11％).The epidemic strains in 2023 were influenza H3 virus(44.18％),novel influenza A(42.14％),BV(13.12％)and mixed type(0.58％).The positive rate of ILI in male patients(27.61％)was higher than that in female patients(21.78％),and there was a statisti-cal difference(x2=16.116,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the composition of different subtypes be-tween men and women(x2=1.746,P=0.627).In 2022 and 2023,the positive rate of 0-＜5 group was the highest(32.41％,41.72％),followed by 5-＜15 years old group(8.89％,15.01％),and the positive rate of ≥60 years old and 15-＜25 years old group was the lowest.In two years,the difference of positive rate among different age groups was statistically significant(x2=7.862,P=0.049).ILI was the highest in Xiangcheng(36.01％),followed by Chuanhui District(25.15％),Huaiyang District(24.44％)and dancheng City(20.44％),and the lowest in Luyi County(14.04％).Compared with the average annual ILI in different regions,the difference was statistically significant(x2=1032.29,P=0.015).The positive rate of ILI has obvious seasonal characteristics,including spring(January:67.34％;February:52.28％;March:43.20％),winter(October:8.23％;November:32.81％;December:57.32％)was higher than summer(April:30.05％,May:25.31％;June:13.49％),autumn(July:2.38％;August:9.42％;September:11.29％),especially from October to February,showed an obvious upward trend.Conclusion ILI in Zhoukou City has a high incidence in Xihua County and Huaiyang District,with winter and spring being its peak seasons,and the high-risk groups are dominated by those aged＜15 years,and the surveillance of influenza viruses should be further strengthened in order to facilitate the development of timely and appropriate preventive measures.
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