中老年住院患者骨质疏松症知信行现状调查及影响因素分析
Analysis of knowledge and health beliefs and self-efficacy status of osteoporosis and influencing factors in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients
王迎秋 1刘玮玮 1李波 1段智霞 1刘传慧1
作者信息
- 1. 郑州市骨科医院院长办公室,郑州 450052
- 折叠
摘要
目的 调查中老年住院患者的骨质疏松症知信行现状,分析其影响因素.方法 选取2023年1月-2023年6月郑州市骨科医院495例中老年住院患者进行问卷调查,内容包括一般情况、骨质疏松知识测试量表、骨质疏松健康信念量表和骨质疏松自我效能量表,选用标准分作为评价指标进行统计分析.结果 495例中老年住院患者中男性172(34.75％)例,女性323(65.25％)例.中老年住院患者的知识标准分为37.31％(9.44±5.00);健康信念标准分为61.25％(128.63±27.12);自我效能标准分为62.34％(74.81±27.69).多重线性回归分析表明,知识得分的影响因素有学历和体重指数;健康信念得分的影响因素有性别和学历;自我效能的影响因素有性别、每周锻炼时间、吸烟、酗酒和体重指数(P＜0.05).相关分析显示,中老年住院患者知识得分与健康信念得分呈正相关(r=0.406),与自我效能得分呈正相关(r=0.255);健康信念得分与自我效能得分呈正相关(r=0.266).结论 中老年住院患者的骨质疏松症知信行处于中低水平.开展以"知信行"模式为依托的健康教育,需特别关注低学历水平、每周锻炼时间不足、吸烟、酗酒者,以助于预防和减缓骨质疏松症的发生及进展.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current status of knowledge,health beliefs,and self-efficacy of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients,and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A questionnaire sur-vey was conducted on 495 middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients in the Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital from January to June 2023,including general information,the osteoporosis knowledge scale,health beliefs scale and self-ef-ficacy scale.Standard scores were selected as evaluation indicators for statistical analysis.Results Among the 495 hos-pitalized middle-aged and elderly patients,there were 172 males(34.75％)and 323 females(65.25％),the knowl-edge standard score of middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients was 37.31％(9.44±5.00);the standard score for health beliefs was 61.25％(128.63±27.12)and the standard score for self-efficacy was 62.34％(74.81±27.69).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors of knowledge scores were education lev-el and body mass index;the influencing factors of health beliefs scores were sex and education level;the influencing fac-tors of self-efficacy were sex,exercise time per week,smoking,alcohol abuse and body mass index(P＜0.05).Cor-relation analysis showed that the knowledge score of middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients was positively corre-lated with their health beliefs score(r=0.406)and positively correlated with their self-efficacy score(r=0.255);there was a positive correlation between health beliefs score and self-efficacy score(r=0.266).Conclusion The knowl-edge,health beliefs and self-efficacy of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients are at a moder-ate to low level.Carrying out health education based on the"knowledge,health beliefs and self-efficacy"model re-quires special attention to individuals with low educational levels,insufficient exercise time per week,smoking and alco-holism,in order to prevent the occurrence and slow down the progression of osteoporosis.
关键词
骨质疏松症/中老年人/认知/自我效能/影响因素Key words
Osteoporosis/Middle-aged and elderly people/Cognition/Self-efficacy/Influencing factors引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中华国际科学交流基金会检验检测科技专项基金(Z2022LHNB001)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据