Effects of controlled-release coated urea combined application on soil properties and summer maize growth
Crop absorption and nutrient release could occur simultaneously using controlled-release coated fertilizer based on the features of fertilizer need.The application of mixed coated urea with controlled release saves fertilizer costs while simultaneously meeting crop needs and demonstrating the rational use of nitrogen fertilizer.A two-year field study was carried out to examine the effects on soil physicochemical parameters and plant growth indexes of varying nitrogen application quantities and ratios of coated and regular urea in northern Henan Province of the North China Plain.There were a total of seven treatments designed,including two nitrogen application levels(low,L,and high,H),three ratios(CU1,coated urea:ordinary urea=40:60;CU2,coated urea:ordinary urea=49:51;CU3,coated urea:ordinary urea=57∶43),and a control(CK)for the traditional high nitrogen application of all ordinary urea input.The results showed that while the ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen declined by 33.7％～48.8％,the levels of total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and organic matter increased by 37.1％～142.0％,16.5％～33.6％,22.0％～73.1％,and 7.0％～42.5％in comparison with the control.There was an increase of 21.4％～31.2％,10.4％～18.7％,6.18％～11.2％,and 15.2％～32.7％in the plant height,base diameter,thousand weight,and yield of summer maize,respectively.It was suggested to use a modest quantity of nitrogen fertilizer with a high proportion of coated urea(148.2 kg/hm2 for controlled-release coated urea and 111.8 kg/hm2 for regular urea),superphosphate(833.0 kg/hm2),and potassium sulfate(180.0 kg/hm2)in relation to crop production and soil fertility.This could produce soil fertility that is sustainable and satisfy the nutritional requirements for a good crop production.
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