Gene Expression Characteristics of Bovine Embryonic Horn Bud Tissues
[objective]Through the analysis of gene expression characteristics,this study aims to reveal the key genes and pathways involved in the formation of bovine embryonic horn bud tissues,thereby gaining deeper in-sights into the molecular mechanisms underlying horn bud development and providing a theoretical basis for the breeding of polled cattle.[methods]RNA-seq from bovine embryonic horn bud tissues,frontal skin tissues,brain,heart,kidney,liver,lung,rumen,skeletal muscle,and spleen were analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA),differential gene expression analysis,and gene enrichment analysis to decipher the gene expression char-acteristics of horn bud tissues.[results]Comparative analysis of gene expression across multiple tissues identified 810 genes specifically highly expressed in horn bud tissues.Principal component analysis revealed that the gene ex-pression pattern of bovine embryonic horn bud tissues was most similar to that of frontal skin tissues,yet there were 1695 signifiicantly upregulated genes(adjusted P＜=0.05).These genes were functionally enriched in pathways related to neural and bone development.[conclusion]Through comparative analysis across multiple tissues and dif-ferential comparison between horn bud tissues and frontal skin,the gene expression characteristics of horn bud tis-sues were identified.The enrichment of specifically highly expressed genes in horn bud tissues in pathways related to bone,neural,and skin development implies the involvement of multiple tissues and complex regulatory mecha-nisms in horn bud development.
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