Genetic Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Genome and Maternal Origins in Qinchuan Cattle
[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the maternal origin and mitochondrial genome genetic diversity of Qinchuan cattle through the analysis of whole mitochondrial genome sequences from 32 Qinchuan cattle samples.[Methods]The study was conducted using mtDNA whole genome alignment and bioinformatics methods.[Results]Analysis revealed a total of 30 different haplotypes within the 32 mtDNA genome sequences of Qinchuan cattle.The average haplotype diversity(Hd±SD)was 0.996±0.009,and the average nucleotide diversity(π±SD)was 0.0067±0.0010,indicating significant maternal genetic diversity in Qinchuan cattle.Phylogenetic tree and haplotype network diagram construction identified four lineages(T2,T3,T4,and I1)among the mtDNA genome sequences,with lineage proportions of 21.88％,40.625％,9.375％,and 28.125％,respectively.Qin-chuan cattle exhibited two main maternal origins,with Bos taurus representing 71.88％and Bos indicus at 28.12％.[Conclusion]This study concludes that Qinchuan cattle possess rich maternal genetic diversity,with two maternal origins of zebu and taurine cattle,albeit taurine cattle being the predominant origin.
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