Preliminary Report on the Purification and Breeding of Hornless and Red Coat Traits in Shorthorn
[Objective]Taking advantage of the phenotypic characteristics of some cattle in the shorthorn popu-lation showing pure red coat and no horns,the excellent male and female cattle with red coat and no horns were se-lected for breeding in order to achieve the purpose of purifying and breeding the hornless and red traits.[Meth-ods]The body appearance identification standard of hornless and red shorthorn was established,and the breeding cattle that did not meet the breeding objectives were eliminated in the breeding population.According to the results of body appearance identification and other breeding production indicators,the replacement cattle were selected.Replacement cattle must be hornless(10 points for horn evaluation),coat red or pure red(7～10 points for coat color evaluation).[Results]Through 5 years of breeding,all the breeding populations showed the characteristics of hornless and red coat.In the breeding offspring,the proportion of hornless cattle increased from 75.33%in 2020 to 94.24%in 2024,and the proportion of red and pure red cattle that met the breeding goal of coat color in-creased from 40.67%in2020 to89.21%in2024.[Conclusions]The purification and breeding of hornless and red coat traits of shorthorn had achieved remarkable results.The populations of horned and hornless,red and pie-bald mixed had been purified into a uniform hornless red population,forming a new strain of shorthorn with the characteristics of Yunnan plateau.
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