摘要
长期失眠可导致多种并发症的产生,针刺能够从多角度对失眠及焦虑、抑郁等并发症进行调整.通过分析近几年的基础研究,针刺治疗失眠存在以下作用机制:(1)调节神经递质含量,上调 5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)含量,下调多巴胺(dopamine,DA)、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)含量,从而平衡睡眠—觉醒系统以延长睡眠时间,并减少觉醒;(2)调节下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴及相关激素,通过下调促肾上腺激素释放激素(corticotrophin-releasing hormone,CRH)、皮质酮(corticosterone,CORT)、促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropic hormone,ACTH)含量,进而抑制过度活跃的HPA轴以改善失眠症状,并缓解焦虑、抑郁等情志障碍;(3)调节细胞因子含量,针刺可通过上调白介素-1(interleukin-1,IL-1)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)等含量,参与对中枢神经系统的调节,并从侧面上调5-HT含量以延长睡眠时间,减少觉醒;(4)调节脑区功能,针刺可调节相关情绪、认知、记忆等相关脑区功能,改善长期失眠患者焦虑、抑郁、记忆力减退等并发症;(5)调节阳离子—氯离子共转运体(cation-chloride cotransporters,CCCs),通过改变CCCs的表达,调节细胞内外氯离子浓度,以调节睡眠.
Abstract
Long-term illness can lead to a variety of complications.Acupuncture can adjust insomnia,anxiety,depression and other complications from multiple perspectives.By analyzing the basic research in recent years,there are the following mechanisms for acupuncture treatment of insomnia.(1)Regulation of the content of neurotransmitters,up-regulating the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and down-regulating the content of dopamine(DA),norepinephrine(NE)and glutamate(Glu),so as to balance the sleep-wake system to prolong sleep time and reduce wakefulness.(2)Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA axis)and related hormones,by down-regulating the content of corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH),corticosterone(CORT),adre-nocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),thereby inhibiting the overactive HPA axis to improve insomnia symptoms and relieve anxiety,depression and other emotional disorders.(3)Regulation of the content of cytokines.Acupuncture can participate in the regulation of the central nervous system by up-regulating the content of interleukin-1(IL-1)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF),and up-regulating the content of 5-HT from the side to prolong sleep time and reduce awakening.(4)Regulation of the function of brain regions.Acupuncture can regulate the function of related brain regions such as emotion,cognition and memory,and improve the complications such as anxiety,depression and memory loss in patients with long-term insomnia.(5)Regulation of cation-chloride cotransporters(CCCs),by changing the expression of CCCs,regulating intracellular and extracellular chloride concentration to regulate sleep.
基金项目
上海市中医特色项目(ZY2018-2020-ZYJS-08)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据