目的系统评价应用助推策略的干预对老年人体力活动相关心理和行为的干预效果。方法计算机检索 PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、Web of science、PsycINFO、EconLit 等数据库中关于应用助推策略的干预对老年人体力活动相关心理和/或行为效果的随机对照试验，检索时限为建库至2023年3月20日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和文献质量评价，并进行meta分析。结果共纳入27篇文献，样本量为4 336名老年人。meta分析结果显示，与对照组相比，应用助推策略的干预有助于增强老年人的运动自我效能[SMD=1。17，95％CI(0。12，2。23)，P＜0。05]、运动动机与期望[SMD=0。69，95％CI(0。08，1。30)，P＜0。05]，提高客观体力活动量[SMD=0。43，95％CI(0。30，0。55)，P＜0。05]、主观体力活动量[SMD=0。74，95％CI(0。24，1。22)，P＜0。01]，并在随访期保持一定客观体力活动增量[SMD=0。25，95％CI(0。05，0。44)，P＜0。01]和主观体力活动增量[SMD=0。49，95％CI(0。00，0。98)，P=0。05]。结论应用助推策略的干预方法可增强老年人的运动自我效能、运动动机与期望，并增加其体力活动量，且效果具有一定可持续性。
System evaluation of the application effect of nudge strategies in physical activity intervention for older adults
Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of the intervention with nudge strategies on the psy-chology and behavior related to physical activity for older adults.Methods Randomized controlled trials on the psy-chological and/or behavioral effects of interventions with nudge strategies on physical activity for older adults were searched from PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of science,PsycINFO,and EconLit,and the search time was from the establishment of data to March 2023.Two researchers independently screened literature,extrac-ted the data,and evaluated the quality of literature,and went forward with the meta-analysis.Results A total of 27 studies were included,involving 4,336 older adults.The results of meta-analysis showed that,compared with the control group,the intervention with nudge strategies could help increase the exercise self-efficacy[SMD=1.17,95％CI was(0.12,2.23),P＜0.05],exercise motivation and expectation[SMD=0.69,95％CI was(0.08,1.30),P＜0.05]of older adults,improve the amount of objective[SMD=0.43,95％CI was(0.30,0.55),P＜0.05]and subjective[SMD=0.74,95％CI was(0.24,1.22),P＜0.01],and maintain a certain objective and subjective in-crease of physical activity during the follow-up period[objective:SMD=0.25,95％CI(0.05,0.44),P＜0.01;sub-jective:SMD=0.49,95％CI was(0.00,0.98),P=0.05].Conclusions The nudge strategies can enhance the exer-cise self-efficacy,exercise motivation and expectation of older adults,and increase the amount of physical activity,and the effect is sustainable.
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