摘要
目的 统计南宁市邕宁区儿童免疫规划针对性疾病的抗原及抗体检测结果,了解该区免疫防控效果.方法 抽取2012年1月-12月间南宁市邕宁区5个社区行政村或社区适龄儿童150名进行调查,每个社区行政村或社区分别从东西南北中5个方位各随机抽取30名(1～6岁常住儿童各5名),收集血清样本进行脊髓灰质炎抗体、麻疹抗体、乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)、白喉抗体检测.结果 共调查适龄儿童150名,乙型肝炎(乙肝)抗原、抗体免疫合格率均较高,其中HBsAg免疫合格率为99.3％,HBsAb免疫合格率为88.0％,男女乙肝抗原、抗体合格率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);脊髓灰质炎Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ抗体阳性率均达100.0％;各年龄组麻疹抗体检测结果均较满意,其中以2、3岁儿童麻疹抗体阳性率最高,为100.0％,1、4、5、6岁儿童麻疹抗体阳性率依次为96.0％、84.0％、88.0％、96.0％;白喉抗体检测阳性率均为100.0％.结论 该区儿童免疫规划针对性疾病抗体均达到理想水平,其中对脊髓灰质炎与白喉预防效果最佳,但对乙肝与麻疹的预防水平还欠佳,故追踪流动儿童免疫接种,提高全民对免疫规划认识,积极主动参与儿童免疫接种,是进一步提高免疫规划针对性疾病预防的关键.
Abstract
Objective To summarize the results of testing and analysis of antigen and antibody for diseases under the frame of children's immunization program,in order to know the effects of prevention and control of such diseases in this area.Methods A total of 150 children from each of the 5 communities or administrative villages in Yongning District of Nanning City were selected for our survey between January and December 2012.The 150 children were composed of 30 children (residents,1-6 years old,5 children from each different age group) randomly selected from each of the four directions (east,south,west and north) and the mid-area of each community or village.The serum samples were collected to analyze the existence of poliomyelitis antibody,measles antibody,hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg),hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb),and diphtheria antibody.Results Among the 150 school-age children,antibody immune qualified rate was high for hepatitis B (HBV) antigen,in which the HBsAg immune qualified rate was 99.3％,and HBsAb immune qualified rate was 88.0％,showing no significant difference between boys and girls (P ＞ 0.05).All poliomyelitis Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ antibody positive rates reached 100.0％.Measles antibody test results were also satisfying for each age group,among whom the 2 and 3 year-olds reached a positive rate of the highest,100％,and the 1,4,5,and 6 year-old children had a measles antibody positive rate of 96.0％,84.0％,88.0％,and 96.0％,respectively.The positive rate for diphtheria antibody was 100％.Conclusions The antibody and antigen detection and analysis results for the children's immune program targeted diseases are generally satisfying in this area.Especially,the prevention of poliomyelitis and diphtheria is the best.However,prevention of HBV and measles is not as good.Therefore,tracking immunization coverage,promoting public awareness on immune planning,actively participating in the vaccination of children should be enhanced for further disease prevention.
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据