Influencing factor analysis of malignancy rate of pulmonary nodules based on pathological outcomes and optimization of integrated management strategies
Objective To analyze the benign-malignant outcomes of pulmonary nodules in surgical patients and their influencing factors,and provide evidence and ideas for optimizing and improving the integrated management model of pulmonary nodules.Methods From October to December 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select patients who underwent lung surgery at West China Hospital,Sichuan University between July 2022 and June 2023 for this study.The malignancy rate of postoperative pathological results of pulmonary nodules and its influencing factors were analyzed using univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression.Results A total of 4600 surgical patients with pulmonary nodules were included,with a malignancy rate of 88.65％(4078/4600)and a benign rate of 11.35％(522/4600).Univariate analysis showed significant differences in malignancy rates among different genders,ages,methods of pulmonary nodule detection,and smoking histories(P＜0.05);however,no significant difference was found regarding place of birth or family history of lung cancer(P＞0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that females[odds ratio(OR)=1.533,95％confidence interval(CI)(1.271,1.850)],older age groups[61-75 vs.≤30 years:OR=1.640,95％CI(1.021,2.634);＞75 vs.≤30 years:OR=2.690,95％CI(1.062,6.814)],and pulmonary nodules detected during physical examinations[OR=1.286,95％CI(1.064,1.554)]were high-risk factors for malignancy,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion In the integrated management of pulmonary nodules,it is crucial not to overlook females or older patients,as they may be more significant influencing factors than smoking;furthermore,lung examinations are effective means of early detection of malignant lung tumors and are worth promoting and popularizing.
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