随着工业化的快速发展,CO2 排放量日益增加,对环境造成了一系列影响.与此同时,石油资源日渐短缺,以石油为原料制LPG(丙烷和丁烷)的工业发展面临严峻的挑战.利用可再生能源产生的氢气与CO2反应制LPG为缓解环境问题和替代日益枯竭的石油资源提供了一种解决方案.与CO中间体介导的直接路径相比,以甲醇为中间产物的CO2 加氢制LPG避开了传统的费托合成反应,可实现CO2 的高效转化.目前,使用金属氧化物分子筛双功能催化剂将CO2加氢制甲醇反应与甲醇脱水制烃反应进行耦合备受关注.CO2加氢经甲醇制 LPG的核心挑战是开发高活性、选择性和稳定性的催化剂.本文基于 CO2 加氢反应的热力学分析,综述了近年来CO2 加氢经甲醇制LPG催化剂,包括CO2 加氢制甲醇催化剂,甲醇制低碳烃催化剂和金属氧化物分子筛双功能催化剂,并对CO2加氢经甲醇制LPG催化剂的未来发展方向进行了展望.
Research Progress of LPG Catalysts from CO2 Hydrogenation via Methanol
Growing emission of CO2 has brought a range of negative effects on the environment.At the same time,petroleum resources are becoming increasingly scarce,and the industrial development of LPG(propane and butane)production from petroleum is facing serious challenges.The production of LPG by reacting hydrogen from renewable energy sources with CO2 presents a way to mitigate environmental problems and replace finite petroleum supplies.Compared with the direct pathway mediated by CO intermediates,the hydrogenation of CO2 to LPG with methanol as an intermediate product bypasses the traditional Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and enables for efficient conversion of CO2.Currently,there is significant interest in coupling the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol process with the methanol dehydration to hydrocarbons utilizing bifunctional catalysts with metal oxide and zeolite.The main difficulty in CO2 hydrogenation to LPG via methanol is to develop catalysts with high activity,selectivity and stability.Herein,based on the thermodynamic analysis of CO2 hydrogenation reaction,the catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to LPG via methanol were reviewed,including the catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol,the catalysts for methanol to low carbon hydrocarbons,and the bifunctional catalysts with metal oxide and zeolite.Additionally,the future development directions of catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to LPG via methanol were prospected.
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