摘要
西周早中期贵族墓葬中常见鸭首形器,鸭首接木秘,秘后有铜鐏.关于这种鸭首形器的功能,学术界过去多认为是"旄"或"权杖器",但相关研究没有考虑到鸭首形器的出土背景.从器物组合角度来看,鸭首形器基本都是与酒器群组合使用,这在一些有漆禁的墓葬中表现得最为明显,鸭首形器与酒器一起被放在漆禁之上.据此可推测鸭首形器是一种与饮酒礼或裸礼有关的器物.至于鸭首形器在相关礼仪活动中的具体用途,尚需要进一步探讨.
Abstract
Duck-head-shaped vessels are commonly discovered in noble tombs of early and middle Western Zhou.They are found attached to a wooden handle,connected with a zun,a metal component.As for the functions of these duck-head-shaped vessels,they were previously assumed to be mao,ancient flags with yaks'tails,or wands,by the academic circle.However,the burial context of the duck-head-shaped vessels is not taken into account in relevant studies.The way the duck-head-shaped vessels are set shows that they were basically arranged with wine vessels.This is the most obvious in tombs with lacquered jin,an artifact designed to caution against excessive drinking.The duck-head-shaped vessels are found placed along with wine vessels on jin.Based upon these findings,it can be inferred that the duck-head-shaped vessels are related to wine drinking ceremonies,or guan li,an ancient Chinese ceremony during which wine was poured,served,or sacrificed.The specific use of the duck-head-shaped vessels in relevant ceremonial activities awaits further discussion.
维普
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