Removal technology of iodinated X-ray contrast media in water environment
Iodinated X-ray contrast medias(ICMs),one of the diagnostic drugs,have been used widely in disease diagnosis.Conven-tional water treatment methods are difficult to effectively remove ICMs.ICMs can be generally detected in water environment.ICMs have low toxicity,however,ICMs can interact with disinfectants(chlorine and chloramines)to form iodinated disinfection byproducts(such as iodotrihalomethanes,haloacetic acids,haloacetonitriles,and haloacetamides)in the process of water treatment.These by-products can harm human health.Therefore,the removal of ICMs has become one of the hotspots.In this work,the ICMs and their metabolites were introduced.The removal methods of ICMs including biotechnology,advanced oxidation process,adsorption technol-ogy,electrochemical technology,photocatalysis technology were reviewed.The advantages and disadvantages for these removal meth-ods were compared.
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