摘要
采用12对微卫星标记对天津市2个野生鲤群体(州河鲤、潮白河群体)和1个人工选育群体(福瑞鲤2号)进行遗传多样性分析.结果表明,3个群体的等位基因数为2～21,平均有效等位基因数为2.969 6～8.916 0,平均期望杂合度为0.636 7～0.882 5,平均观测杂合度为0.675 9～0.790 6,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.573 2～0.872 7,3个群体均为高度多态(PIC＞0.5).野生群体与选育群体间的遗传分化指数(Fst)为0.158 8、0.210 4,说明野生群体与选育群体间存在显著的遗传分化.分子方差分析表明,13.62％的遗传变异来源于群体间,83.38％的变异来源于个体间.基于Nei's遗传距离的聚类树表明,州河鲤与潮白河群体亲缘关系较近,二者与福瑞鲤2号亲缘关系较远.综上,野生群体与选育群体间的遗传变异程度较大,选育群体的遗传种质较纯,2个野生群体的遗传多样性较高,具备较大的育种潜力.
Abstract
Genetic diversity and variation of two wild Cyprinus carpio populations(Zhouhe carp and Chaobaihe carp)and one selected population(C.carpio var.FFRC 2# were assessed)using 12 micro-satellite markers.The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 21 among three populations.The average ef-fective allele number varied between 2.969 6 and 8.916 0.The average expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.636 7 to 0.882 5.The average observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.675 9 to 0.790 6.The average polymorphic information content(PIC)varied between 0.573 2 and 0.872 7 with the highest PIC＞0.5).The pairwise genetic differentiation index was 0.158 8 and 0.210 4 in the wild and the se-lected populations,respectively,indicating that the three populations genetically differentiated signifi-cantly.Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)detected a high genetic variation among individuals(86.38％)while variation among populations explained 13.62％of the total.The UPGMA phylogenet-ic tree based on Nei's distance demonstrated that the Zhouhe carp and the Chaobaihe carp are closely related,and two populations of the wild carp had far relationship to the selected population.Overall,genetic variation among wild populations and selected population was significant.The selected popula-tion had a pure genetic germplasm while the wild populations had a high genetic diversity and potential for further selective breeding.
基金项目
国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-45-32)
天津市淡水养殖产业技术体系建设项目创新团队项目(ITTFRS2021000)
天津市科技计划(18ZXZYNC00150)
教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室开放基金(201904)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据