摘要
为了解黄骅港海域浮游植物群落结构的季节变化特征及其与环境因子的相关关系,于2014年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和11月(秋季)对该海域进行4个航次网采浮游植物和环境因子调查,利用优势度指数、物种多样性和冗余分析(RDA)等方法分析该海域浮游植物的种类组成、优势种和平均资源密度等群落结构特点.结果显示:2014年黄骅港海域共采集到浮游植物3门32属82种,其中夏季检出种类最多,为2门25属50种,秋季次之,为2门14属40种,冬季为1门18属34种,春季最低为3门14属24种,均以硅藻为主,甲藻和蓝藻相对较少;浮游植物丰度季节表现为夏季最高,秋季次之,冬、春较低;四航次浮游植物群落多样性指数及均匀度指数较低,秋季优势种仅为笔尖根管藻(Rhiz-osolenia alata),春夏冬均为多种浮游植物共存,不同季节优势种演替明显;冗余分析显示,不同浮游植物对不同环境因子的反应不同是造成群落季节差异的主要原因.影响冬季浮游植物时空变化的主要因素是溶解氧、温度和磷酸盐,春季则是温度和盐度,夏季转变为溶解氧和盐度,秋季盐度、温度和溶解氧为主要影响因素.研究结果为深入研究港口建设对邻近海域生态系统的结构和功能的影响提供了基础数据.
Abstract
To understand the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of Huanghua Port phyto-plankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors using the net-phytoplank-ton and environmental factor data collected during four cruises in Feb.(winter),May(spring),Aug.(summer)and Nov.(autumn)in 2014,the relative importance index(IRI),Shannon-Winner index(H'),Pielou index(J')and redundancy analysis(RDA)were used to evaluate the species composi-tion,dominance and community structure of the phytoplankton.In 2014,82 species of phytoplankton in 32 genera,3 phyla,were collected in Huanghua Port.The most species were detected in summer,50 species in 25 genera,2 phyla,which were followed by 40 species,14 genera,2 phyla in autumn,34 species,18 genera,1 phyla in winter,and 24 species 14 genera,3 phyla in spring.The phytoplankton were mainly those in Bacillariophyta while those in Pyrrophyta and Cyanophyta were relatively less a-bundant.The phytoplankton abundance varied seasonally,the highest in summer,which was followed by that in autumn,the lowest in winter and spring.The phytoplankton community of four cruises dis-played low community diversity and evenness.In autumn,the dominant specie was Rhizosolenia alata while many phytoplankton species coexisted in spring,summer and winter.The succession of dominant species was obvious in different seasons.RDA analysis showed that different phytoplankton species re-sponse to different environmental factors,causing the community different seasonally.It was found that in winter the main factors influencing annual spatial temporal variation of phytoplankton were dis-solved oxygen,temperature and phosphate in winter,the temperature and salinity in spring,salinity in summer,and dissolved oxygen and salinity,temperature and dissolved oxygen in autumn.The results provided the basic data for deep understanding the structure and function of the marine ecosystem.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据