Research progress of degradable materials and their applications in fishing gears
With the widespread use of synthetic fiber fishing gears,there are a large number of abandoned,lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear(ALDFG)in the ocean,which can exist for decades,seriously harming the marine environment and fishery resources.And finally they form microplastic particles which will not only enter the body of marine organisms,but also enter the human body along food chain.ALDFG pollution in the ocean has become a global environmental problem,and more and more scholars have gradually paid attention to the research,development and application of degradable fishing gear materials.This paper reviews the physical properties of polylactic acid(PLA),starch-based materials,polycaprolactone(PCL),polybutylene succinate(PBS),polybutylene adipate(PBAT),polybutylene succinate(PBSAT)and other biodegradable materials,and the research status on their processing technology and blending modification,as well as their applications in fishing gears,such as degradable gillnets and pots.These degradable materials can be completely degraded under the action of marine microorganisms,and finally decomposed into environmentally friendly H2O and CO2,thus it is a potential material for manufacturing environmental friendly fishing gear,but its mechanical properties still have a gap with synthetic fibers,and it can he improved by physical or chemical modification methods.In addition,there is no significant difference between the fishing efficiency of PBS,PLA,PBS/PBAT gillnets and PA gillnets.The fishing efficiency of PBS/PBAT and PBS crab pots is similar to that of PE and PA crab pots.The fishing efficiency of crab pots made of biodegradable materials is similar to that of traditional synthetic crab pots;the fishing efficiency of PBSAT gillnets is significantly lower than that of PA gillnets.As the flexibility of degradable materials is not as good as that of synthetic fibers,the fishing efficiency of crab pots will be reduced when used as funnel materials.Therefore,relevant researchers need to further develop degradable fishing gears with better flexibility and better fishing performance.And there are still limitations in fishery applications,mainly because of the high costs of degradable materials.Therefore,to promote the application of degradable materials in fishing gear manufacturing,it is necessary to develop new environmentally friendly and efficient catalysts,optimize the synthesis process,improve production efficiency and reduce production costs.Due to the particularity of marine environment,the degradation mechanism and the intermediate products and the impact on marine environment are still to be evaluated.The application prospect of degradable materials fishing gear manufacturing is broad,and the development of degradable fishing gear materials with superior comprehensive mechanical properties and low prices will be one of the focuses of future fishery science and technology work.
万方数据
维普
