摘要
浮游细菌是海洋微食物环的重要组成部分,在地球水体生态系统物质循环、蓝碳、藻菌互作及维持海洋生态平衡等过程中发挥着关键驱动作用.为探究东海不同海域浮游细菌的分布特征及其影响因素,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术,解析了冬季东海近远岸11个站位的浮游细菌丰度差异及对其主要影响环境因素.结果表明,调查海域的近岸浮游细菌种类主要包括变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和厚壁菌门,其中2个优势属(丰度＞5％)为假交替单胞菌属(22.33％)和盐单胞菌属(5.09％).而其远岸浮游细菌类群则主要由变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门组成,其5个优势属为假交替单胞菌属(12.30％)、食链菌属(9.98％)、弧菌属(8.67％)、海水单胞菌属(6.09％)及假单胞菌属(5.73％).多样性指数分析结果表明,调查海域近岸浮游细菌丰度明显高于远岸海域;离岸距离、海水盐度及溶氧量是影响调查海域浮游细菌群落多样性差异的主要环境因素.在所解析的5个属的标志细菌物种中,其中4个属即盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、极地杆菌属(Polaribacter)、Krokinobacter属和Fluviicola属的物种丰度与离岸距离和盐度均呈正相关(P＜0.05),而与溶氧量呈负相关(P＜0.01);而小红卵菌属(Rhodovulum)的物种丰度与离岸距离(P＜0.05)和盐度(P＜0.01)均呈负相关,与溶氧量呈正相关(P＜0.001).研究结果可为进一步探究东海浮游细菌的生态学功能提供科学参考.
Abstract
As an important component of the microbial loop,the bacterioplankton community plays important roles in the biogeochemical and energy cycles,dynamic and cross-kingdom algae-bacteria interactions and also the degradation of pollutants in water ecosystems.With the rapid development of coastal economy and the impact from human activities,the marine ecological environment is facing huge challenges,including serious degradation of ecosystems,eutrophication of water bodies,frequent ecological and environmental disasters,and aggravation of chemical pollution.Marine bacterioplanktons are key regulators of biogeochemical cycles,and elucidating their spatiotemporal change characteristics and mechanisms is crucial for revealing the ecological functions.To explore the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the bacterioplankton community in different sea areas of the East China Sea,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the abundance differences of the bacterioplankton community of the selected 11 stations in the nearshore and offshore areas in the East China Sea in the winter of 2020,and the influencing effects of environmental factors on the distribution manner were also analyzed.The results showed that the species types of the bacterioplankton community in the nearshore in the investigated sea area mainly included Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria and Firmicutes,and the two dominant genera(abundance＞5％)were Pseuidoalteromonas(22.33％)and Halomonas(5.09％),respectively.The bacterioplankton in the offshore area was mainly composed of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria,and the five dominant genera included Pseudoalteromonas(12.30％),Alcanivorax(9.98％),Vibrio(8.67％),Thalassomonas(6.09％)and Pseudomonas(5.73％,)respectively.The diversity index analysis showed that the abundance of bacterioplankton in the nearshore areas of the investigated sea area was significantly higher than that of the offshore areas.Offshore distance,seawater salinity and dissolved oxygen were the three main environmental factors affecting the diversity of bacterioplankton communities.Among biomarker species,Halomonas,Polaribacter,Krokinobacter and Fluviicola were positively correlated with offshore distance and salinity(P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen(P＜0.01).While Rhodovulum was negatively correlated with offshore distance(P＜0.05)and salinity(P＜0.01),but positively correlated with dissolved oxygen(P＜0.001).The results will provide help to further reveal the ecological functions of bacterioplankton community in the East China Sea.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据