Comparative analyses on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal structure of Macrobrachium rosenbergii families with different growth performances
To investigate the correlation between growth performance,digestive enzyme activity and intestinal microvilli structure of Macrobrachium rosenbergii,a total of 13 500 juvenile prawns from 90 breeding families were selected to carry out a 92 d culture experiment for evaluating the growth performance.After the culture experiment,the 90 breeding families were divided into high(H),medium(M)and low(L)growth experimental groups according to the values of weight gain(WG)and specific growth rate(SGR).For each group,three breeding families were randomly selected as representatives for the subsequent experiments.The activities of several digestive enzymes(i.e.,chymotrypsin,amylase,lipase,trypsin,pepsin)and intestinal microvilli structures of the selected families with different growth performances were investigated.The results showed that in hepatopancreas,the activities of chymotrypsin,amylase,lipase and trypsin in group H were significantly higher than those in M and L groups;in gastric tissue,the activities of chymotrypsin,amylase,lipase and pepsin in group H were the highest,and were significantly different from those in the other two groups.In intestinal tissue,the activities of chymotrypsin and amylase in group H were significantly higher than those in M and L groups;for lipase activity,H and M groups were significantly higher than group L.In addition,the intestinal microvilli structures of three groups were investigated using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The results showed that the density and length of intestinal microvilli in group H were significantly higher than those in M and L groups,and those in group M were significantly higher than those in group L;compared with M and L groups,the microvilli of group H were closely arranged in the intestinal epithelial cells and the length was longer.The surface of the epithelial cells was almost covered by the villi and the spacing was the smallest,followed by group M,while the villi of group L exhibited obvious spacing.In summary,the high digestive enzyme activity together with dense and long intestinal villi can promote the digestion and absorption capacity of M.rosenbergii,thereby improving its growth performance.Therefore,we infer that the intestinal villi or digestive enzyme activity can be used as biomarkers in the fast-growing breeding projects.This study provides a scientific basis for the genetic breeding of fast-growing strains of M.rosenbergii.
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