首页|番茄连作土壤中微生物群落的变化特征及其重塑研究进展

番茄连作土壤中微生物群落的变化特征及其重塑研究进展

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土壤微生物群落结构失衡是番茄连作障碍发生的重要因素之一.为探明番茄连作障碍发生机制,推动番茄产业的可持续发展,本文对番茄连作障碍土壤微生物群落的变化特征及其重塑技术研究进展进行了综述.番茄连作土壤中微生物多样性下降,土壤微生物群落结构由"细菌型"转变为"真菌型",是番茄连作障碍发生的主要原因;轮作与间套作、嫁接、土壤消毒和施用有机肥均可重塑连作番茄土壤的微生物群落结构,有助于减轻连作障碍危害,尤其轮作与间套作豆科作物更有利于减轻番茄连作障碍危害.迄今,研究发现节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、土壤红色杆形菌属(Solirubrobacter)细菌以及木霉菌属(Trichoderma spp.)真菌等微生物是有助于克服番茄连作障碍的功能微生物.开发与有机肥结合的生物有机肥,用于重塑农田土壤微生物群落的方法是一项极具开发前景的生物防控连作障碍发生的技术措施,但如何保障生物有机肥应用于不同环境中,功能微生物的定殖、存活与大量繁殖,是该项技术亟待解决的重要瓶颈问题.
Progress on changing characteristics and reconstruction of microbial communities in soil under tomato continuous cropping
The structural imbalance of microbial communities in soil is one of the important factors for the occurrence of obstacles for tomato continuous cropping.This article reviewed the changing characteris-tics of microbial communities in soil and the reconstruction techniques in tomato continuous cropping to study the mechanism of obstacles for tomato continuous cropping and promote the sustainable development of the tomato industry.The decrease in microbial diversity in soil under tomato continuous cropping and the structure shift of microbial communities in soil from"bacterial"soil to"fungal"soil are the main reasons for the occurrence of obstacles for tomato continuous cropping.Rotation and intercropping,grafting,soil disin-fection,and application of organic fertilizer can reconstruct the structure of microbial communities in soil un-der tomato continuous cropping,helping to reduce the harm of obstacles for continuous cropping,especial-ly rotation and intercropping of leguminous crops are more conducive to reducing the harm of obstacles for tomato continuous cropping.So far,studies have found that functional microorganisms including Arthrobac-ter,Bacillus,Pseudomonas,Solirubrobacter,and Trichoderma spp.are beneficial in overcoming obsta-cles for tomato continuous cropping.The development of bio-organic fertilizers combined with organic fertil-izers for reconstructing the microbial communities in farmland soil is a highly promising technical measure for biological prevention and control of obstacles for continuous cropping.However,how to ensure the colo-nization,survival,and large-scale reproduction of functional microorganisms in the application of bio-organ-ic fertilizers in different environments is an important bottleneck problem that urgently needs to be solved in this technology.

tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)obstacles for continuous croppingfunctional micro-organismsreconstructing the microbial communitiesmicrobial communities

周信雁、杨尚东

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广西大学农学院/广西农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室/植物科学国家实验教学示范中心,南宁 530004

番茄 连作障碍 功能微生物 菌群重塑 微生物群落结构

广西壮族自治区重点研发计划广西耕地保育重点实验室项目

桂科AB2302607623-026-12-23KF

2024

10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2024.01.001

华中农业大学学报
华中农业大学

华中农业大学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.09
ISSN：1000-2421
年,卷(期)：2024.43(1)
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