为探究伴生不同作物对主栽番茄根际土壤肥力与健康影响的作用机制，设置番茄伴生生菜、苋菜、菜心、薄荷和葱的栽培模式，基于高通量测序技术分析伴生不同作物栽培模式下主栽番茄根际土壤肥力及细菌、真菌多样性。结果显示:除菜心外，其他4种伴生作物均显著提高了主栽番茄植株根际土壤中涉及氮、磷循环的土壤酶活性以及微生物生物量碳、氮、磷;伴生栽培虽然没有丰富主栽番茄植株根际土壤中细菌、真菌多样性，但改变了主栽番茄植株根际土壤细菌、真菌优势门属间的丰度占比;门分类水平下，伴生管理均提高了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、Patescibacteria细菌的丰度占比;属分类水平下，norank f Microscillace-ae、norank f norank o Vicinamibacterales、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、norank f Gemmatimonadaceae、交替赤杆菌属(Altererythrobacter)细菌是番茄伴生不同作物中丰度占比前10的特有优势细菌属。此外，伴生栽培不同程度地改变了主栽番茄植株根际土壤真菌多样性和丰富度，富集了壶菌门、担子菌门和油壶菌门优势真菌门;同时富集了unclassified o Sordariales、油壶菌属(Olpidium)和锥盖伞属(Conocybe)、Phialemonium、unclassi-fied o Pleosporales、unclassified o Boletales和Sodiomyces属等优势真菌属，亦提高了毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)的丰度占比。研究结果表明，番茄伴生栽培生菜、苋菜、薄荷和葱4种植物均同程度地有助于不提高番茄根际土壤肥力和维护根际微环境土壤健康的作用，其中，伴生栽培生菜和薄荷提升土壤肥力及维护土壤健康的效果优于伴生菜心、苋菜和葱。
Effects of associated cultivation on soil fertility and microbial diversity in rhizospheres soil of main tomato
The associated cultivation modes of tomato and lettuce,amaranth,cabbage,mint and on-ion were set up.The effects of different associated crops on the fertility of the rhizosphere soil and the diver-sity of bacteria and fungi of the main tomato were analyzed based on high-throughput sequencing technolo-gy to study the mechanism of the effects of different associated crops on the fertility and health of the rhizo-sphere soil of the main tomato,and provide theoretical basis and technical support for constructing the eco-logical cultivation model of tomato.The results showed that the associated cultivation with four associated crops except of cabbage significantly increased the activity of soil enzymes including aminopeptidases and phosphatase,and microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil of the main to-mato plant.Although the associated cultivation did not enrich the microbial diversities in the rhizosphere soil of the main tomato plant,it changed the microbial abundance ratio in the rhizosphere soil of the main toma-to plant.At phylum level,the associated cultivation increased the abundance ratio of Proteobacteria,Fir-micutes and Patescibactera bacteria.At genus level,norank f.Microscillaceae,norank_f.norank.o.Vicin-amibacterales,Bacillus,norank.f.Gemmatimonadaceae,and Altererythrobacter were the top ten unique dominant bacteria in rhizospheres of tomatoes associated with different crops.In addition,the associated cultivation changed the diversity and abundance of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of the main tomato plants to varying degrees,and enriched the dominant fungi of the phylum Chlamydomonas,Basidiomycetes,and Phyllomycetes.At the same time,it enriched the dominant fungi including unclassified o Sordariales,Ol-pidium,and Conoxybe,Phallemonium,unclassified o Pleosporales,unclassified o Boletales,and Sodio-myces,and increased the abundance ratio of Chaetomium as well.It is indicated that the associated cultiva-tion of lettuce,amaranth,mint and onion in tomato contributes to improve the fertility of tomato rhizo-sphere soil and maintain the health of rhizosphere microenvironment soil in varying degrees.Among them,the effect of associated cultivation of lettuce and mint on improving soil fertility and maintaining soil health is better than that of corresponding cabbage,amaranth and onion.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
