首页|芥菜小孢子培养及染色体加倍技术体系的优化

芥菜小孢子培养及染色体加倍技术体系的优化

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为探究不同芥菜基因型和培养条件对小孢子培养效果的影响,建立适合芥菜小孢子培养及染色体加倍的最佳方案,对芥菜8个不同变种的34份自交系进行小孢子培养,比较不同热激时间、活性炭浓度、小孢子密度对出胚率的影响.结果显示,基因型对芥菜小孢子培养成功与否影响较大,34份材料中11份材料成功培养出胚状体;不同材料间出胚效果差异明显,其中,大头菜出胚率最高,可达23.85胚/蕾;芥菜小孢子出胚最佳条件为32℃热激1～2 d,培养基含活性炭3～5 g/L,小孢子密度为1.5×105～2.0×105 个/mL.染色体加倍试验结果显示,1 g/L秋水仙素溶液浸泡茎尖1 h的处理加倍效率高、嵌合体少,可应用于芥菜染色体的加倍.
Optimization of microspore culture system and chromosome doubling technology in mustard
The effects of genotypes and culture conditions on the microspore culture in mustard(Bras-sica juncea)were studied to establish an optimal system of the microspore culture and chromosome dou-bling in mustard.34 inbred lines of 8 different varieties of mustard were used to conduct the microspore cul-ture.The effects of heat shock times,concentrations of activated carbon,and densities of microspore on the rate of microspore embryogenesis were analyzed.The results showed that genotypes had a significant impact on the success of microspore culture in mustard,with 11 out of 34 inbred lines successfully producing em-bryoids.There were significant differences in rates of producing embryo among different inbred lines,among which Brassica juncea var.megarrhiza Tsen et Lee had the highest rate of producing embryo,reaching 23.85 embryos/anther.The optimal conditions for producing microspores in mustard were 32℃heat shock for 1-2 days,culture medium containing 3-5 g/L activated carbon,and the density being 1.5×105 to 2.0×105 microspores/mL.The results of chromosome doubling experiment showed that immersing the stem tips in 1 g/L colchicine solution for 1 hour had a high efficiency of chromosome doubling and low chimerism,which could be used to double the chromosomes in mustard.The results of chromosome doubling test showed that 1 g/L colchicine solution soaked in stem tip for 1 hour had high doubling efficiency and less mixed-ploidy formation,which could be used to double the chromosomes in mustard.

mustardmicrospore culturedoubled haploidmicrospore embryogenesischromosome doubling

储玉凡、陈野、付文苑、姚培杰、张志琪、兰凯、余长春、万正杰

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华中农业大学园艺林学学院/果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉 430070

贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵阳 550006

芥菜 小孢子培养 双单倍体 小孢子胚胎发生 染色体加倍

中央高校基本科研业务费专项国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金芥菜苔优质多抗新品种培育与推广项目贵州省科技支撑计划

2662021YLQD0043207257332172601HBZY2023B004-4-4黔科合支撑[2022]一般086

2024

10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2024.02.017

华中农业大学学报
华中农业大学

华中农业大学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.09
ISSN：1000-2421
年,卷(期)：2024.43(2)
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