为更好地防御低温连阴雨灾害对湖北烤烟的产量与品质带来的不利影响,构建烤烟不同生育期的低温连阴雨判别指标,并利用湖北烤烟种植区32个国家气象观测站1975-2020年逐日气象数据,深入分析湖北烟区低温连阴雨7项灾害指标的时空分布特征.结果表明:(1)时间上,过程平均气温、日平均降水量及平均总降水量等3项指标均为低—高—低演变过程,以成熟前期最高、伸根期最低,过程平均日数均在5 d左右,而年平均过程次数、年平均过程日数、灾害频率均以成熟后期最多、旺长期最少,其中灾害频率在这2个时期分别为每10 a发生6、1次;(2)空间上,气温、降水在不同生育期南北差异一致,北部烟区气温低,南部烟区降水多、强度大,而过程平均日数在伸根期、旺长期南部大于北部,成熟后期则相反;(3)灾害频率空间差异显著,前3个生育期,南部烟区较北部烟区发生频率更高,成熟后期南北相当,灾害频率均高达56%以上,过程平均持续5.7 d.
Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of low-temperature continuous rainfall hazards for flue-cured tobacco in Hubei Province
The indicators for discriminating low-temperature and persistent rain at different growth stages of flue-cured tobacco were established to better defense against the adverse effects of low temperature and persistent rain disasters on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Hubei Province.The data of daily meteorology from 32 national meteorological observation stations in the tobacco planting areas of Hubei Province from 1975 to 2020 were used to in depth analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of seven disaster indicators related to the low temperature and persistent rain in the tobacco planting areas of Hubei Province.The results showed that three indicators including the average temperature during the pro-cess,the average daily precipitation,and the average total precipitation all followed an evolutionary pattern of low-high-low in terms of time,with the highest at the early stage of maturity and the lowest at the stage of root extension.The average number of days in the process was about 5 days.The average annual num-ber of processes,the average annual days of process,and the frequency of disasters were the highest at the late stage of maturity and the lowest at the stage of vigorous growth.Among them,the frequency of disas-ters occurred 6 and 1 times every 10 years at these two stages,with a difference of nearly 6 times.In terms of space,there were consistent differences in temperature and precipitation between the north and south at different stages of growth.The tobacco growing areas in the northern had lower temperatures,while the to-bacco growing areas in the southern had more precipitation with higher intensity.The average days of the process in the southern part was longer than that in the northern part at the stage of root extension and vig-orous growth,while the opposite was true at the late stage of maturity.There was a significant spatial dif-ference in the frequency of disasters.The frequency of disasters at the first three stage of growth in tobacco growing areas in the southern was higher than that in tobacco growing areas in the northern.The frequency of disasters at the late stage of maturity was equivalent to that in tobacco growing areas in the north and south,with an average duration of over 56%and an average duration of 5.7 days.It will provide a scientific basis for the planning of tobacco cultivation in Hubei and the defense against disasters of low-temperature and persistent rain.
flue-cured tobaccolow-temperature and persistent raingrowth stagedisaster frequen-cyspatiotemporal distribution
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
