Research progress on porcine semen cryopreservation technology and its influencing factors
Pig industry is an important component of animal husbandry industry in China.The domes-tic pig production mainly adopts self-breeding mode.The semen used in pig reproduction is usually fresh se-men or diluted at room temperature,while semen cryopreservation technology can realize the long-term preservation of pig semen.Compared with cattle,mice and other species,the cryopreservation technology of pig semen needs to be further optimized and improved.In order to provide a theoretical reference for per-fecting the freezing technique of pig semen and accelerating its large-scale application in pig production,this review summarized the development and main technological process of freezing and thawing of porcine se-men,and the key factors affecting sperm motility after freezing and thawing,including semen collection,pre-cooling balance before freezing,addition of cryoprotectant agents,and cryopreservation methods.It also covered the physicochemical changes during the sperm cryopreservation process,such as physical structural damage,functional damage,and sperm anti-freezing mechanisms.Finally,the new methods to improve the cryopreservation efficiency of pig sperm were summarized and prospected,including nanotechnology treat-ment of semen and the study of cryopreservation biomarkers for sperm.
pigfrozen semen thawingcryoprotectantthawing extender additivephysical and chemical properties of sperm
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