Exploring the Civilization Foundation of Modern China:Kang Youwei's Civilization Discourse and Beginning of Debate on Culture Issues Between the East and the West
Kang Youwei,in the early 20th century,developed a discourse on the superiority of Chinese civilization and Western civilization by distinguishing between the material and moral aspects of civilization,sparking a debate on cultural issues between the East and the West.The European civilization crisis presented by the outbreak of World War I and the republican crisis presen-ted by Yuan Shikai's restoration of the Republic of China have sparked two opposing views.Chen Duxiu's views on the irrecon-cilability of Eastern and Western civilizations and the theory of"complete Westernization",as well as his opposition to Gu Hongming's claim of using Chinese civilization to save European civilization,have formed a confrontational pattern,clearly demonstrating the foundation of modern Chinese civilization construction,which is very different from the debate on Yi-Xia differences in the dynastic era.More scholars advocate the theory of harmony between Eastern and Western civilizations,and Li Dazhao,Du Yaquan,and others have already raised the main issues around 1916.The development of issues such as the differ-ences between Eastern and Western cultures,which one is stronger or weaker,whether they can be reconciled,and how they can be reconciled,presents an important step for the Chinese intellectual community in the new era of republicanism to explore the new foundation of modern Chinese civilization,and is also an important step in the transformation of modern Chinese knowl-edge and ideology.
civilization foundation of modern Chinadebate on Yi-Xia differencesdebate on culture issues between the East and the WestKang Youwei
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