Characteristics and influencing factors of related persistent symptoms in recovered COVID-19 patients caused by Omicron variant in Wuxi City
Objective To explore the characteristics and determinants of persistent symptoms in individuals 3-4 months post-recovery from the Omicron variant-induced COVID-19 infection.The insights gained serve to inform the development of follow-up plans,with the goal of mitigating post-infection symptoms.Methods Surveys were conducted utilizing self-developed somatic and neuropsychiatric symptom scales,the patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),the Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS),the generalised anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7)scale,and the novel disease stigmatization scale.Data analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U tests,Kruskal-Wallis H tests,chi-square tests,and binary logistic regression models.Results 50.7％of participants reported persistent related symptoms three to four months post-recovery,with 47 types of somatic and neuropsychiatric symptoms identified.Fatigue emerged as the most prevalent somatic symptom(50.5％),while insomnia was the most frequently reported neuropsychiatric symptom(24.3％).Both depression and anxiety were observed to commonlyco-occur with these somatic or neuropsychiatric symptoms.Risk factors associated with the persistence of symptoms 3-4 months after discharge from COVID-19 infection included being female(β=0.70,OR=2.01,95％CI:1.04-3.86,P=0.037),presentation of clinical symptoms during the quar-antinc(β=0.78,OR=2.17,95％CI:1.13-4.20,P=0.021),moderate to high stress levels(β=1.68,OR=5.35,95％CI:2.14-13.38,P＜0.001),and severe stigmatization(β=1.03,OR=2.79,95％CI:1.33-5.83,P=0.006).Conclusions A subset of individuals recovering from COVID-19 continue to experience related symptoms three to four months post-recovery.Attention should be focused on high-risk groups who may present with persistent symptoms,ensuring they receive comprehensive support in terms of healthcare and mental health services.
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