2008-2018年北京城区某体检人群膳食多样化和膳食质量变化趋势
Trend analysis on dietary diversity and quality among urban residents with health examination in Beijing from 2008 to 2018
史洪静 1陈媛媛 1吕筠 2孙点剑一 2满塞丽麦 3王晓娜 4李立明 2王波 5余灿清2
作者信息
- 1. 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室,北京 100191
- 2. 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室,北京 100191;北京大学医学部美年公众健康研究院,北京 100191;北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心,北京 100191
- 3. 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室,北京 100191;北京大学医学部美年公众健康研究院,北京 100191
- 4. 北京美兆健康体检中心,北京 100191
- 5. 北京大学医学部美年公众健康研究院,北京 100191;北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心,北京 100191
- 折叠
摘要
目的 了解2008-2018年北京城区某体检人群膳食多样化及膳食质量变化趋势.方法 选择2008-2018年在北京某体检中心完成体检问卷的北京城区居民为研究对象,利用半定量食物频率问卷计算主要食物组每日摄入量,根据2010年全国人口普查数据中北京市≥20岁城市居民性别和年龄构成对膳食多样化评分-9分类(diet diversity score-9 classification,DDS9)和中国膳食平衡指数(Chinese diet balance index,DBI_16)的得分和指标百分率标准化,采用Meta回归分析探究变化趋势.结果 共纳入224 178人次,标准化后DDS9得分11年间增加0.2分,达标率从5.1％增至7.4％(P＜0.001).2008-2018年北京城区居民DBI_16总分呈上升趋势(β=0.16,P＜0.001),对应达标率从4.9％降至3.8％,其中正端分中高度摄入过量率从43.7％增至54.3％(β=1.07,P＜0.001),负端分适宜率从 79.3％增至 83.1％(β=0.35,P＜0.001),膳食质量距的各百分率无长期变化趋势(P＞0.05).结论 2008-2018年北京市城区居民膳食摄入不足的问题有所改善,膳食摄入过量的问题逐年加重,膳食多样化状况不佳.应采取干预措施指导居民理解膳食多样化、促进居民膳食均衡、提高膳食质量.
Abstract
Objective To explore the long-term trend of dietary diversity and quality among Beijing urban residents with health examinations from 2008 to 2018.Methods The urban residents who completed physical examination questionnaires in a physical examination center in Beijing between 2008 and 2018 were selected.A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the daily intakes of major food groups.The scores and index percentages of diet diversity score-9 classification(DDS9)and Chinese diet balance index(DBI_16)were standardized to the gender and age composition of urban residents aged 20 and above in Beijing from the 2010 national census data,and meta-regression analysis was used to explore the long-term trend.Results Among the 224 178 subjects,the standardized DDS9 score increased by 0.2 over 11 years,with the qualified rate rising from 5.1％to 7.4％(P＜0.001).From 2008 to 2018,DBI_16 total score for urban residents in Beijing showed an increasing trend(β=0.16,P＜0.001),while the corresponding qualified rate decreased from 4.9％to 3.8％.The moderate or severe surplus of food intake rate increased from 43.7％to 54.3％(β=1.07,P＜0.001),and the qualified rate of the low bound score increased from 79.3％to 83.1％(β=0.35,P＜0.001),but no significant long-term trend was observed in any rate of dietary quality distance(P＞0.05).Conclusions From 2008 to 2018,the insufficient dietary intake of Beijing's urban residents improves,while the excessive dietary intake worses year after year,and the average dietary diversity is poor.Intervention measures,such as promoting a balanced diet and improving dietary quality,should be implemented to guide residents toward dietary diversity.
关键词
膳食质量/膳食多样化/长期变化趋势Key words
Dietary quality/Dietary diversity/Long-term trend引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(81973125)
国家自然科学基金(82192901)
国家自然科学基金(82192904)
国家自然科学基金(82192900)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据