摘要
目的 分析宁波市2起Delta变异株引起的COVID-19疫情中感染者出院后核酸检测再次阳性(复阳)的流行特征,为感染者出院后管理提供科学依据.方法 收集宁波市2021年12月6 日-2022年5月31日2起COVID-19疫情中复阳人员的流行病学相关信息及临床信息.分析其流行病学特征、临床表现、传染性及影响因素.结果 共纳入112例COVID-19者,其中复阳65例,复阳率为58.04％.性别、年龄、职业、疫苗接种、临床严重程度、Delta毒株基因型别均对既往感染者复阳无影响(均P＞0.05).复阳人员人院后中位住院时长为5.00(3.25,8.75)d,短于首次发病确诊后的中位住院时长25.00(22.00,31.50)d(U=-6.724,P＜0.001).复阳人员均表现为无症状,其临床严重程度轻于首次发病确诊后(x2=1.888,P＜0.001).复阳人员的密切接触者感染率低于病例首次确诊后的感染率,但差异无统计学意义(0.00％:1.67％,P=0.262).结论 新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)Delta变异株既往感染者复阳后无临床症状,无传染性,建议在排除二次感染的前提下半年内不再进行核酸检测和隔离管控.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the re-positive patients in two COVID-19 outbreaks caused by Delta variant strains in Ningbo,to provide a scientific basis for bet-ter management.Methods The epidemiological and clinical information of the re-positive patients in two COVID-19 outbreaks in Ningbo from December 6,2021,to May 31,2022,were collected.The epidemi-ological characteristics,clinical manifestations,infectivity,and influencing factors were analyzed.Re-sults A total of 112 patients with COVID-19 infection were included in this study,of which 65 were re-positive,the re-positive rate was 58.04％.Gender,age,occupation,vaccination,clinical severity,and genotype of delta strain did not affect the re-positive of previously infected patients(all P＞0.05).The median hospital stay of re-positive was 5.00(3.25,8.75)days,which was shorter than the median stay of 25.00(22.00,31.50)days after the first diagnosis(U=-6.724,P＜0.001).All the re-positive per-sons were asymptomatic,and their clinical severity was lighter than that after the first diagnosis(x2=1.888,P＜0.001).The infection rate of close contacts of the re-positive persons was lower than the infec-tion rate after the case was first diagnosis(0.00％:1.67％,P=0.262),but the difference was not sta-tistically significant.Conclusions Re-positive persons with previous infections of the COVID-19 Delta variant had no clinical symptoms and no infectivity.It is recommended that nucleic acid testing and isola-tion should not be carried out within the second half of the year after excluding secondary infection.
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