Impact of exercise frequency on self-care ability maintaining in older adults:a community-based cohort study
Objective To investigate the impact of exercise frequency on the maintenance of elderly individuals'self-care ability.Methods A cohort study was conducted in Nanyuan Community,Liwan District,Guangzhou,from 2012 to 2020.A total of 6 905 elderly individuals were enrolled in the baseline survey and followed up for the evaluation of their self-care ability.Among the 5 154 participants included in the analysis,a marginal structural Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to assess the relationship between daily exercise frequency and the maintenance of self-care ability among the elderly.Results Over the past year,48.58％of study subjects exercised daily.At the last follow-up,4.2％of the elderly were unable to take care of themselves completely,and the median follow-up time was 3.63 years.After adjusting for confounding factors,compared to no exercise,occasional exercise and daily exercise reduced the risk of not maintaining self-care ability by 44.9％(HR=0.551,95％CI:0.432-0.701)and 39.9％(HR=0.601,95％CI:0.460-0.784),respectively.The stratified analysis found that neither occasional nor daily exercise was effective in reducing the risk of smokers not being able to sustain their independence.However,for non-smokers,occasional and daily exercise reduced the risk by 45.8％(HR=0.542,95％CI:0.419-0.702)and 39.7％(HR=0.603,95％CI:0.453-0.804),respectively.For alcohol consumers,neither occasional exercise nor consistent daily exercise can effectively reduce the risk of losing the ability to maintain self-care.However,the risks of not maintaining self-care ability were more significantly reduced by occasional and daily exercise among non-drinkers,with reductions of 45.1％(HR=0.549,95％CI:0.429-0.704)and 39.4％(HR=0.606,95％CI:0.459-0.800),respectively.Conclusions Exercise can help elderly individuals maintain their self-care ability.Alcohol consumption among the elderly can attenuate the positive effects of physical exercise on maintaining self-care ability.It is recommended that elderly individuals reduce or abstain from alcohol consumption and adopt scientific exercise methods.
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