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中国四年级学生近视检出情况及其相关因素

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目的 分析中国四年级学生近视检出情况,探讨影响学生近视的因素.方法 从2018年中国教育追踪调查(China education panel survey,CEPS)小学队列中选取符合条件的四年级学生作为研究对象,共26 373人.采用x2检验比较不同特征学生近视检出率差异,并利用多水平logistic回归分析模型分析影响近视检出率的因素.结果 小学四年级学生筛查性近视检出率为52.11%,女生的近视检出率(56.38%)高于男生(48.20%)(x2=176.597,P<0.001);城镇户籍学生的近视检出率为55.71%,比农村户籍学生(48.59%)高7.12%(x2=133.790,P<0.001).多水平logistic回归分析模型分析显示城乡学生近视检出率影响因素不同,是否参加体育兴趣班(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.74~0.93,P=0.001)、与父母同住情况(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.07~1.38,P=0.002)对农村学生近视检出率的作用显著;年龄(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.84~0.98,P=0.014)、是否为独生子女(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.01~1.18,P=0.030)、认知水平(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.01~1.18,P=0.032)、家庭经济条件(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.03~1.47,P=0.020)对城镇学生近视检出率作用显著.结论 科学控制学生近视风险需要根据学生自身、家庭及其生活环境,因地制宜,结合城乡差异采取合理的干预措施.
Prevalence of myopia and associated factors among fourth-grade students in China
Objective To analyze the screening nearsightedness of the fourth grade students in China and discuss the factors affecting the students'myopia.Methods A total of 26 373 students were selected from the fourth grade primary school cohort of China education panel survey(CEPS)in 2018.x2 test was used to compare the prevalence of myopia among students with different characteristics,and multi-level logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the detection rate of myopia.Results The prevalence rate of screening myopia was 52.11%,with girls(56.38%)higher than boys(48.20%)(x2=176.597,P<0.001).The myopia rate of urban registered students was 55.71%,which is 7.12%higher than that of rural registered students(48.59%)(x2=133.790,P<0.001).Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that there were different factors affecting the risk of myopia among urban and rural students.Whether they participated in sports interest classes(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.74-0.93,P=0.001)and living with parents(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.07-1.38,P=0.002)had a significant effect on the risk of myopia among rural students.Age(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.84-0.98,P=0.014),only child or not(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.01-1.18,P=0.030),cognitive level or not(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.01-1.18,P=0.032),family economic conditions(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.03-1.47,P=0.020)had significant effect on myopia risk of urban students.Conclusions It is necessary to take reasonable intervention measures according to local conditions and the difference between urban and rural areas to control the prevalence of myopia in students scientifically.

Fourth grade studentsMyopiaSleep duration

张宪、李天浩、王卫东、胡以松、毛延新

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对外经济贸易大学深圳研究院,深圳 518000

中国人民大学社会学院,北京 100872

中国人民大学社会心理学研究所,北京 100872

中国人民大学中国调查与数据中心,北京 100872

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四年级学生 近视 睡眠时间

中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目成果

10XNN002

2024

中华疾病控制杂志
中华预防医学会 安徽医科大学

中华疾病控制杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.862
ISSN:1674-3679
年,卷(期):2024.28(8)
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