Prevalence of myopia and associated factors among fourth-grade students in China
Objective To analyze the screening nearsightedness of the fourth grade students in China and discuss the factors affecting the students'myopia.Methods A total of 26 373 students were selected from the fourth grade primary school cohort of China education panel survey(CEPS)in 2018.x2 test was used to compare the prevalence of myopia among students with different characteristics,and multi-level logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the detection rate of myopia.Results The prevalence rate of screening myopia was 52.11%,with girls(56.38%)higher than boys(48.20%)(x2=176.597,P<0.001).The myopia rate of urban registered students was 55.71%,which is 7.12%higher than that of rural registered students(48.59%)(x2=133.790,P<0.001).Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that there were different factors affecting the risk of myopia among urban and rural students.Whether they participated in sports interest classes(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.74-0.93,P=0.001)and living with parents(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.07-1.38,P=0.002)had a significant effect on the risk of myopia among rural students.Age(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.84-0.98,P=0.014),only child or not(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.01-1.18,P=0.030),cognitive level or not(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.01-1.18,P=0.032),family economic conditions(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.03-1.47,P=0.020)had significant effect on myopia risk of urban students.Conclusions It is necessary to take reasonable intervention measures according to local conditions and the difference between urban and rural areas to control the prevalence of myopia in students scientifically.